PROTOZOANS - HEMOFLAGELLATES

• Amastigote

• Promastigote

• Epimastigote

• Trypomastigote

What are the 4 morphological forms of hemoflagellates?

Amastigote

What morphological form is seen in Leishmanial form?

Promastigote

What morphological form is seen in Leptomonal form?

Epimastigote

What morphological form is seen in Crithidial form?

Trypomastigote

What morphological form is seen in Trypanosomal form?

Amastigote and Trypomastigote

What morphological form is seen in Trypanosoma cruzi

Kinetoplast

This is a fusion between parabasal body and blepharoplast.

Amastigote

This morphological form is oval, uninuclear, has a dot-like blepharoplast that emerges from a small axoneme, and kinetoplast. It has no flagella.

Promastigote

This morphological form is long and slender, has kinetoplast and a single flagella located on the anterior end.

Epimastigote

This morphological form has nucleus at the posterior end, and kinetoplast located anterior to the nucleus. It has undulating membrane.

Epimastigote

This morphological form is longer and wider than promastigote.

Trypomastigote

This morphological form has nucleus anterior to kinetoplast, and the kinetoplast located on the posterior end. The undulating membrane is of the entire body length.

Tissue and Muscles

Amastigotes are seen primarily in?

Peripheral blood

Trypomastigotes are visible primarily in ___ where they reproduce and migrate.

Promastigote

This morphological form can only be seen if blood sample is collected immediately in early infection stage.

Arthropod vectors

Epimastigotes are seen primarily in?

Amastigote and Trypomastigote

What morphological forms are routinely seen in clinical specimens?

Leishmania donovani complex

This parasite causes visceral leishmaniasis, kala-azar, and hepatosplenomegaly.

Leishmania tropica

Leishmania mexicana

These parasites inhabit the endothelial cells of the skin capillaries, specifically of the Leishmania spp.

Leishmania tropica

This parasite causes old world cutaneous leishmaniasis, characterized by localized skin infection, oriental sores, and delhi/baghdad boils.

Leishmania mexicana

This parasite causes new world cutaneous leishmaniasis, seen with bay sores or chiclero boils.

Leishmania braziliensis

This parasite causes new world mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, characterized by weeping lesions, espundia, and forest yaws.