Muscles of cranium, eye, & neck

Why are muscles important for RA?

influence facial expression; creates natural curving surfaces and contours

How does gravity affect when standing?

inferiorly

How does gravity affect when laying down?

laterally and posteriorly

What is the occipitofrontalis?

epicranius muscle; covers entire top of skull; double bellied [draws scalp back and forth] Origin: base of occipital bone Insertion: into the skin of the eyebrow and nose

What is the orbicularis oculi?

sphincter muscle around eye socket; [closes eyelid, compress lacrimal sac] Origin: from maxilla and frontal bones Insertion circles orbits to insert back at origin

What is the corrugator?

pyramid shaped muscle of facial expression; lies underneath frontalis and orbicularis oculi; [frowning, furrows brows] Origin: bridge of nose and orbicularis oris Insertion: into the skin of eye brow

What is the Levator Palpebrae superioris?

medial eye socket to superior tarsal plate [rais upper eyelid] Origin: lesser wing of the sphenoid Insertion: skin of the eyelid

What is the procerus?

covers bridge of nose [draws forehead down] Origin: bridge of nose Insertion: frontalis muscle

What is the platysma?

broad thin muscle covering anterior neck region [depress mandible, pulls lower lip, neck wrinkles] origin: deltoid and pactoralis major, Insertion: into skin over superior border of mandible

What is the sternocleidomastoid?

thick muscle of neck [extends head, posterior movement, rotate not tilt [manubrim and medial clavicle, Insertion: mastoid process

What is the digastric?

double bellied muscle of the neck; [retract mandible, moves hyoid] origin: mastoid process, Insertion:; midline of the mandible

What is the temporalis?

thick broad fan shape that fills temporal cavity [strongest mastication m. , close and move mandible side to side] Origin: temporal foss, Insertion: superior mandable(anterior of coronoid process)

What is the masseter?

large rectangular muscle of mastication [clsoing mandible] Origin: zygomatic zrch, Insertion: mandible

What is the Orbicularis Oris?

sphincter of mouth, [closes mouth shapes, compresses] Origin: nasal septum, maxilla, mandible Insertion: fascia of the lips and at the buccinator

What is the levator labii Superiorous Alaque Nasi?

muscle of facial expressions [raise upper lip, dialate nostril] Origin: nasal process, insertion: cartilage of the nose and fleshy upper lip

What is the levator labii superioris?

muscle of facial expression [elevate and extend upperlip] origin: maxilla, insertion: skin and muscle of the upper lip

What is the Levator Anguli Oris?

small muscle on angle of mouth [elevates angle of mouth] Origin: maxilla, Insertion: skin and muscle at the angle of the mouth

What is the zygomatic minor?

facial muscle [draws upper lip superiorly and laterally] origin: zygomatic bone, insertion: muscle of the upper lip

What is the zygomatic major?

muscle of facial expression [draws upper lip posteriorly, superiorly, and laterally “smiling”] origin: zygomatic bone, insertion: angle of the mouth

What is the buccinator?

principle muscle of cheek, makes up part of the angulus oris eminences [compress cheek, sucking, “trompeters”] origin: alveolar process of the maxilla, insertion: into muscle of the mouth

What is the risorius?

muscle of facial expression [draws angle of mouth posteriorly, “false smile”] origin: fascia of platysma and masseter, insertion: into skin and muscle around corner of mouth

What is the depressor Anguli Oris?

muscle of facial expression [depresses angle of mouth] origin: lower border of mandible, insertion: into lip near angle of mouth

What is the depressor labii inferioris?

muscle of facial expression [draws lower lip down, depresses lip inferiorly and slightly laterally] origin:lower border of mandible, insertion: skin and muscle of lower lip

What is the mentalis?

tip of the chin [elevates/protrudes lower lip, wrinkles skin over chin] origin: mandible, insertion: skin of the chin