Virus, Wetland, and Genetic Definitions

DNA or RNA encased in a capsid and sometimes an outer envelope

Virus structure

A virus infects a cell, copies itself, then bursts the cell to spread to others.

Lytic infection

A virus with RNA as its genetic material that converts it to DNA and inserts it into the host's DNA to make more viruses.

Retrovirus

An ecosystem where water covers the soil or is near the surface for part of the year.

Wetland

Diverse wildlife, filter pollutants, store floodwaters, and help maintain water quality.

Why are wetlands essential?

Chloroplast

Where does photosynthesis occur?

Light intensity, water, and temperature.

What three factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Ribonucleic acid

What does RNA stand for?

Messenger RNA , Transfer RNA, and Ribosomal RNA

What are the three types of RNA?

Proteins from amino acids

What does protein synthesis make?

Ribosomes

Where does protein synthesis occur?

Amino acid

What is the monomer of a protein?

Double helix

What is DNA’s structure

nucleotides composed of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

What is DNA made up of

The basic building blocks of nucleic acids

What are nucleotides?

Phosphodiester bonds

How do nucleotides bond?

Hydrogen bonds

How do nitrogenous bases bond?

A natural resource made of minerals, organic matter, air, and water

Define soil

Sand silt and clay

Define soil particles

Weathering of rocks and biological processes that break down organic material

How is soil made?

The proportions of sand, silt, and clay

What is soil texture?

Water retention, drainage, nutrient availability, and agriculture

Why is soil texture a fundamental property?

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium

What are three main nutrients plants need to grow?

Encourages growth

What does nitrogen provide for plants?

Energy transfer, root development, and growth

What does phosphorus provide for plants?

Water regulation, photosynthesis, and plant growth

What does potassium provide for plants?

The amount of hydrogen ions

What determines soil pH?

5 to 6.5

What pH are we likely to find in western washington soils?

6 to 7.5

What is the optimal soil pH for most agricultural crops?