French and Indian War & Rising Tensions

20 vocabulary flashcards covering key terms, events, acts, and figures related to the French and Indian War and the building tensions leading to the American Revolution.

French Colonization (North America)

Areas including the St. Lawrence River Valley, Quebec, Great Lakes, and Louisiana, primarily focused on trading.

French and Indian War

A conflict spanning 1754-1763, fought between Britain and France for control of the Ohio Valley and Canada.

Native American Alliances (French)

Tribes like the Algonquins and Mohawks allied with the French, fearing British expansion into the Ohio Valley.

George Washington (F&I War)

Led a Virginia militia against French forces at the outset of the French and Indian War.

Ohio Valley

A key contested region that ignited the French and Indian War between British and French forces.

Albany Plan of Union

A proposal by Benjamin Franklin to create a unified government for the British North American colonies, which ultimately failed.

Seven Years War

The broader European conflict (1756-1763) into which the North American French and Indian War merged.

Victory at Quebec (1759)

A decisive British victory and a turning point of the French and Indian War, giving them control of the region.

Treaty of Paris (1763)

The agreement that officially ended the French and Indian War, resulting in France losing all its North American lands to Britain.

Proclamation of 1763

A British decree forbidding colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains to prevent conflict with Native Americans.

Salutary Neglect

The British policy of loosely enforcing laws in the colonies, which ended after the French and Indian War due to increased British debt.

Writs of Assistance (1767)

Legal documents that allowed British customs officials to search colonial property at will for smuggled goods without specific warrants.

Sugar Act (1764)

The first law passed by Parliament that raised tax revenues in the colonies for the British Crown, impacting merchants and traders.

"No Taxation Without Representation"

A common colonial protest slogan, articulated by figures like James Otis, against British taxes imposed without colonial consent in Parliament.

Stamp Act (1765)

A direct tax placed on colonists, requiring stamps on legal documents, newspapers, licenses, and cards, which led to widespread protests and its eventual repeal.

Stamp Act Congress

A meeting of colonial representatives formed to organize a boycott against the Stamp Act, contributing to its repeal.

Quartering Act (1765)

Legislation that required American colonists to provide housing and supplies to British soldiers stationed in the colonies.

Sons of Liberty

A secret society formed by American colonists, notably in Boston, to protest British taxation and protect colonial rights, often through organized resistance.

Samuel Adams

A prominent leader of the Sons of Liberty and a key figure in organizing colonial resistance against British policies and taxes.

Boston Massacre (1770)

An incident where British soldiers fired into a crowd of protesting Bostonians, killing five colonists, including Crispus Attucks.