EOT - G10 - ADV - 2024-2025

Ohm's Law

Ohm's Law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points, expressed as V=IR.

Resistance

Resistance is defined as the opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).

SI unit of resistance

The SI unit of resistance is the ohm (Ω).

Current (I)

The flow of electric charge, measured in amperes (A).

Voltage (V)

The electric potential difference between two points, measured in volts (V).

Ammeter

An instrument used to measure the current in a circuit, connected in series.

Voltmeter

An instrument used to measure the potential difference across a component, connected in parallel.

Potential Difference (Voltage)

The work done per unit charge to move a charge between two points in an electric field.

Electric Power (P)

The rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit, usually measured in watts (W) and calculated as P = IV.

Kirchhoff's Junction Rule

The total current entering a junction must equal the total current leaving the junction, based on the conservation of charge.

Kirchhoff's Loop Rule

The sum of the potential differences around any closed circuit loop must equal zero, based on the conservation of energy.

Magnetic Flux

The total magnetic field passing through a given area, proportional to the number of magnetic field lines crossing that area.

Right-Hand Rule (for magnetic fields)

A method to determine the direction of force acting on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, using your right hand.

Series Circuit

A circuit in which all components are connected end-to-end, such that the current flows through each component sequentially.

Parallel Circuit

A circuit where two or more components are connected across the same voltage source, having multiple paths for the current.

Equivalent Resistance for Resistors in Series

The equivalent resistance is the sum of all individual resistances: Req = R1 + R2 + R3 + ...

Equivalent Resistance for Resistors in Parallel

The equivalent resistance is the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances: 1/Req = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + ...

Electromagnet

A type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by an electric current.

Ferromagnetic Materials

Materials that can be magnetized; they contain magnetic domains that can align to form a magnet.

The Earth's Magnetic Field

The magnetic field that extends from the Earth's interior out into space, playing a crucial role in navigation and animal behavior.