Sponges

What is the mehtod of transport that sponges use to transport materials? What does it do? What else does it transport for sexual reproduction?

water - deivers food and oxygen to the cells and carries away products of cellular respiration. also transports gametes or larvae out of body

What type of feeder are sponges?

filter feeders

What does a sponge wall contain and for what?

Thousands of pores for water flow

Where does digestion in sponges take place

Inside the cells

3 steps in sponge digestion

1. Food particles are trapped in collar cells

2. Collar cells may eat food particles

3. If collar cells don’t eat, amebocytes eat instead and deliver food particles to other parts of the spong

What does the water flowing in from the sponge simultaneously serve as?

Respiratory, excretory, and internal transport system

How do sponges do cellular respiration

When water enters the sponge walls, sponge cells remove oxygen from it and pt carbon dioxide.

How do sponges get rid of metabolic wastes, such as ammonia?

By putting it inot the water, like teh carbon dioxide

Steps in sexual reproduction of a sponge

1. Sponge releases its sperm into the water

2. Sperm carried to other sponge, where it is taken in by amebocytes which carry sperm to egg = fertilzation

3. Larva develops, where it can swim and ride currents for a long time before developing into a sponge

2 ways a sponge can asexually reproduce

1. Gemmules

2. Budding

How do gemmules play a role in asexual repdoctuion of sponges

They allow for dormancy. They are sphere shaped strucutres consisting of clusters of amebocytes surrounded by tough spicules and allow them to survive harsh conditions. Once conditions are favourable, sponges grow from the gemmules

How does budding play a role in asexual reproduction in sponges

A part of the sponge falls off, making a new sponge. It plays a key role in regeneration, and is why sponges can repair body parts