Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia

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44 Terms

1

Nile

River flowing north in Egypt

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2

Delta

Area around the mouth of the Nile with rich soil

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3

Cataracts

Rapids in the Nile in Upper Egypt

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4

Upper Egypt

Southern area of Egypt

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5

Lower Egypt

Northern area of Egypt, contains the Nile delta

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6

Sinai Peninsula

Land connecting Africa to Asia (Mesopotamia)

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7

Sahara

Desert west of Egypt, acts as a barrier

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8

Thebes

Last capital of Egypt

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9

Pharaoh

God-king of Egypt

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10

Pyramids

Tombs for the Pharaohs

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11

Book of the dead

Guide for souls through the afterlife

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12

Hieroglyphics

Pictographic writing system used to record history

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13

Old Kingdom

Period in Egypt known as the Pyramid Age

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14

Middle Kingdom

Period in Egypt known as the Transitional Period

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15

New Kingdom

Period in Egypt known as the Age of Pharaohs

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16

Theocracy

Government where the ruler is both a political and religious leader

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17

Nubia

Kingdom in the Upper Nile region

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18

Kush

Alternate name for the Nubians

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19

Menes/Narmer

First pharaoh who united Upper and Lower Egypt

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20

Ahmose

Egyptian queen who defeated the Hyskos

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21

Hatshepsut

Egyptian queen who declared herself pharaoh

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22

Thutmose III

Pharaoh who created Egypt's first empire and conquered Syria

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23

Amenhotep IV/Akhenaton

Pharaoh who started a cult worshiping one god and changed his name

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24

Ziggurat

Religious temple

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25

Stylus

Writing tool used for cuneiform

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26

Solomon

King who united the 12 tribes of Israel

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27

Exile

Period of Jewish enslavement in Babylon

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28

Flax

Plant used for cloth

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29

City-State

Smaller part of a larger civilization

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30

Torah

Holy book of Judaism

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31

10 Commandments

Moral law code

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32

Abraham

Father of Judaism

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33

Moses

Led the Hebrews out of Egypt

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34

Diaspora

Cultural diffusion of Jews around the world

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35

Judaism

First monotheistic religion, followers are called Hebrews

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36

Sumer

First city-state and creator of cuneiform

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37

Babylonia

First code of law (Hammurabi's code)

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38

Phoenicia

First Mediterranean traders and creators of the first alphabet

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39

Akkadians

First empire (Sargon)

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40

Hittites

First ironworkers

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41

Chaldeans

Advanced in astronomy and known for the hanging gardens

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42

Assyrians

Known for military supremacy

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43

Lydians

Creators of the first coins

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44

Mesopotamia

Fertile crescent

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