unit 2 test review NOTES

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19 Terms

1
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nuclear notation

A = mass, biggest number on top

Z = atomic #, under mass

X = name

C = charge, like an exponent

2
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how to find atomic #?

number of protons (+) or atomic name in periodic table

3
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how to find mass?

protons + neutrons

4
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how to find # of neutrons?

mass - atomic #

5
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E ↑ f ↑ λ ↓

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n = 1, 2, 3..

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â„“ = 0 to (n-1)

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mâ„“ = -â„“ to â„“

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ms = ± 1/2

10
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how to find avg mass?

add percents * mass number and divide by 100

turn percents > decimal then multiply by mass numbers

11
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how to find percent composition of each isotope?

x + y = 1

1: replace w/ the avg mass

y = 1 - x

new: x + (1-x) = 1

isolate x

y = 1 - x

then turn percentage

subtract from 100 to get x’s percentage

12
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paramagnetism

unpaired electrons

attracted by magnetic field

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diamagnetism

paired e-

not affected by magnetic field

14
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electronegativity trend

how well an element can attract electrons

halogens are the most electronegative because they have 7 valence electrons; noble gases are not electronegative

<p>how well an element can attract electrons</p><p>halogens are the most electronegative because they have 7 valence electrons; noble gases are not electronegative </p>
15
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<p>ions atomic radius</p><p>ion: element w/ a charge</p><p>largest to smallest: anions (-) » neutral » cations (+)</p><p>increases down a column</p>

ions atomic radius

ion: element w/ a charge

largest to smallest: anions (-) » neutral » cations (+)

increases down a column

atomic radii

½ distance between nuclei

closest to Cs, Fr, Rn has higher atomic radii

<p>atomic radii</p><p>½ distance between nuclei</p><p>closest to Cs, Fr, Rn has higher atomic radii</p>
16
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valence electrons trends

knowt flashcard image
17
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ionic charge trends

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18
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first ionization energy trends

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19
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how to find energy

E = BE + KE

E = hc/λ