Humanities: Lesson 6 The Baroque Period and The Enlightenment

In African cultural history, what was the function of the griot?

Poet-Historian

What does the name “Sudan” mean?

Land of the Blacks

To what does the word “caravel” refer?

Type of sailing ship

Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of African music?

Polyphonic Textures

What characteristic was especially important to the African kinship system?

The well-being of the group was essential to that of the individual

What was the earliest West African kingdom?

Ghana

What was the literary landmark and notable epic of ancient Mali?

Sundiata

Which city was the greatest of the early West African trading centers and the seat of a Muslim university?

Timbuktu

Which of the following was characteristic of the religious rituals of the Maya and Aztec?

Human Sacrifices

Who were the only Indigenous people of Americas known to have produced a written language?

Maya

Which of the following was NOT a major factor in the onset of European expansion?

Imitation of China’s maritime achievements

What does the bronze head of the Oba of Benin demonstrate about African sculpture?

African mastery of casting metal

What religion, important in the development of African culture, is the belief that spirits inhabit all things in nature?

Animism

Prior to the fifteenth century, the West African elite was most heavily influenced by which religion?

Islam

Who was the thirteenth-century merchant whose sojourn at the court of Mongol China was recorded in II Milione?

Marco Polo

Which of the following crops was introduced to the Americas by Europeans in the so-called “Colombian Exchange”?

Peaches

Which of the following terms refers to the populations of the Americas, especially in the Caribbean, who are a genetic blend of European, African, and often Native American?

Creole

Who was the 13th century merchant and explorer who served the emperor of China for 17 years?

Marco Polo

Which culture undertook the earliest enterprises in the European exploration, and had reached the Congo by 1483?

Portuguese

When Hernan Cortes arrived in Mexico, the population of the native people was approximately 25 million; by 1600 it had been reduced to how many?

1 Million

Who encountered the Americas, which was unknown to Europeans, during his attempt to find a westward sailing route to China?

Christopher Columbus

By 1509, the Portuguese were able to completely eliminate their competitors in India from which culture?

Muslim

Which Renaissance culture came to produce maps and charts that exceeded the accuracy of those drafted by Classical and Muslim cartographers?

Portuguese

Where did Christopher Columbus make his initial landfall in Americas?

The Bahamas

In the 11th century C.E, Ghana fell to and came under the influence of which culture?

Muslim

During the 10th century C.E, scholars in Africa began to transcribe popular native tales and stories into which language?

Arabic

Which of following terms to the belief that the forces of nature are inhabited by spirits?

Animism

Which of the following terms refer to the rulers who regarded themselves as descendants of the gods in the Benin culture, and means “ruler” in the Yoruba and Edo languages?

Oba

What concept has characterized all aspects of African history?

Diversity

Which of the following terms refers to the act or process of incising the flesh as a form of identification and rank, or for aesthetic purposes?

Scarification

Control of northern trade routes in Africa was the reason for the wealth and influence of which African empire that reached its zenith in the early 14th century?

Mali Empire

What is the name of the Navajo ceremony which lasts 9 days and involves the creation of sand paintings and the recitation of songs to remove evil and restore good?

Night Chant

The material achievements of the Maya, Inca, and Aztec civilizations are all the more remarkable because they were achieved without what technology?

Wheeled Vehicles

Roughly how many individual societies were there in the Americas before the earliest contacts with Renaissance Europeans?

1,000

Who were the only known Native American culture to produce a written language?

Maya

The pueblo tribes of the American Southwest produced some of the most elegant wares in the history of North American art made of what material?

Ceramic

What was the favored medium for extraordinary artworks like jewelry, ritual weapons, and masks created by the Native American societies of Meso- and South America?

Gold

Parmigianino, Madonna of the Long Neck,1534-1540, Oil on Panel, (Mannerist Painting/style and Catholic Reformation)

El Greco, The Agony in the Garden, 1590-1595, Oil on Canvas

Gianlorenzo Bernini, Aerial View of Colonnade and Piazza of Saint Peter’s, Rome, 1656, (Italian Baroque Architecture)

Gianlorenzo Bernini, David, 1623, Marble, (Italian Baroque Sculpture)

Gianlorenzo Bernini, The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa, 1645-1652, Marble, (Italian Baroque Sculpture and Altarpiece)

Caravaggio, The Crucifixion of Saint Peter, 1601, Oil on Canvas, (Grand Style)

Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith Slaying Holofernes, 1614-1620, Oil on Canvas

Andrea Pozzo, Apotheosis of Saint Ignatius, 1691, Fresco, Nave Ceiling, Sant’Ignazio, Rome

Maria Van Oosterwyck, Vanitas Still Life, 1688, Oil on Canvas, (Northern Baroque)

Jan Vermeer, The Milkmaid, 1658-1660, Oil on Canvas (Northern Baroque)

Rembrandt Van Rijin, Captain Frans Banning Cocq Mustering his Company, 1642, Oil on Canvas, (Northern Baroque and Dutch Golden Age Art)

Hyacinthe Rigaud, Portrait of Louis XIV, 1701, Oil on Canvas, (Aristocratic Baroque)

Isidore-Laurent Deroy, The Park and Palace of Versailles, France, 19th Century, Lithograph

Jules Hardouin-Mansart and Charles Le Brun, Hall of Mirrors, Palace of Versailles, 1680, (Aristocratic Baroque)

Diego Velazquez, Las Meninas (The Maid of Honor), 1656, Oil Canvas

Peter Paul Rubens, Rape of the Daughters of Leucippus, 1618, Oil on Canvas

Taj Mahal, Agra, India, 1623-1643

Rembrandt Van Rijn, The Anatomy Lesson of Doctor Nicolaes Tulp,1632, Oil on Canvas

Jean-Antoine Houdon, Thomas Jefferson,1789, Marble

Plan of the Brookes

Jean-Antoine Houdon, Voltaire in Old Age, 1781, Marble

Johann Michael Fischer, Interior, Benedictine Abbey, Ottobeuren, Bavaria, 1736-1766, Painted on Glided Wood and Stucco, (Rococo Style)

Francois Boucher, The Bath of Venus, 1751, Oil on Canvas, (Rococo Painting)

Jean-Honore Fragonard, The Swing, 1768-1769, Oil on Canvas, (Rococo Painting)

Marie-Louise Elisabeth Vigee-Leburn, Queen Marie Antoinette and her Children, 1787, Oil on Canvas, (Rococo Painting)

Clodion (Claude Michel), The Intoxication of Wine, 1755, Terracotta, (Rococo Sculpture)

Alexandre-Pierre Vignon, Church of Saint Mary Magdalene (“La Medeleine”), Paris, 1807-1842, (Neoclassical Architecture)

Jean-Francois Therese Chalgrin and others, Arch of Triumph, Paris, 1806-1836, (Neoclassical Architecture)

Thomas Jefferson, Monticello, near Charlottesville, Virginia, 1770-1784, (Neoclassical Architecture)

Antonio Canova, Pauline Borghese as Venus, 1808, Marble, (Neoclassical Sculpture)

Jacquese-Louis David, The Oath of Horatii, 1784, Oil on Canvas, (Neoclassical Painting)

Jean-Auguste Dominique Ingres, La Grande Odalisque, 1814, Oil on Canvas, (Neoclassical Painting)

The Classical Symphony Orchestra

Heliocentric vs Geocentric Models of the Universe