Human Development Lecture Notes

This collection of flashcards is designed to help students review key concepts in human development, including theories, prenatal development, and attachment styles.

Human Development is the scientific study of the changes that occur in people as they age, from __ until death.

conception

Longitudinal Design is a method in which one participant or group of participants is studied over a __ period of time.

long

One drawback of the Cross-Sectional Design is that it compares people of __ ages.

different

The __ effect is the impact of development occurring when a group of people share a common time period or life experience.

cohort

Nature refers to hereditary influences, while __ refers to environmental influences.

nurture

Behavior genetics is a field of study that determines how much of behavior is a result of __ inheritance.

genetic

Humans have a total of __ chromosomes in each cell of their bodies.

46

A __ gene is the gene that controls the expression of a trait.

dominant

Sickle Cell Anemia, Tay-Sachs Disease, and cystic fibrosis are disorders resulting from __ inheritance.

recessive

Fetalization begins with the __, the female sex cell.

ovum

The __ period is the first two weeks after fertilization during which the zygote begins to implant.

germinal

Monozygotic twins are identical twins formed when one zygote splits into __ separate masses of cells.

two

The period during which certain environmental influences can have an impact on the development of the infant is known as __ periods.

critical

Teratogens are any factors that can cause a __ defect during prenatal development.

birth

The Fetal Period is the time from about 8 weeks after conception until the __ of the baby.

birth

The age of viability is between __ and less than 26 weeks.

22 weeks

Temperament refers to the behavioral characteristics that are well established at __.

birth

Attachment is the emotional bond between an infant and a __ caregiver.

primary

Mary Ainsworth's experiment to measure attachment is known as the __ situation.

Strange

Erikson's theory proposes that development occurs in a series of __ stages.

eight

Harry Harlow's studies emphasized that physical __ is the most important element in developing attachment.

contact