________- speeches that celebrate or commemorate events or people.
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Concept map
________- a visual representation of all the potential areas you could cover in your speech that includes circles around topics and lines that connect related ideas; also known as a mind map.
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Statistics
________- quantitative reports that summarize and organize sets of data to make them easier to understand and visualize.
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Brainstorm
________- the practice of creating a list of all the possible topics you can think of, beginning by writing down every possible idea that comes to mind, regardless of how good you think the idea is, and then afterward organizing or evaluating the ideas to help you make a decision about which to choose.
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Forensic
________- arguments about what had happened.
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Deliberate
________- speeches about future actions that might be taken.
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Testimony
________- the words of other people used to support your point.
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Aristotle
________ identified three types of speeches.
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Denotative meaning
________- the literal definition of a word or phrase that you might find in a dictionary.
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General purpose
________- the broad intent of what your speech should accomplish; the three types of general purposes are to inform, persuade, and commemorate.
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Connotative meaning
________- the way a word or phrase is used in a particular context, potentially as slang or with an implied value judgment.
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Secondary research
________: peer- reviewed academic journal articles, books, newspaper & magazine articles, web and media sources.
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Primary research
________: interviews, surveys, polling, direct observations.
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Peer testimony
________- information that comes from someone who is in the same peer group as the audience; they are not necessarily an expert on the topic.
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Demographics
categories of definable characteristics of groups of people, such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, religion, political affiliation, socioeconomic status, education level, and sexual orientation
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Examples
instances that we use to help define or clarify concepts, draw attention to a particular feature of an experience, or elicit memories and emotions in our audience
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Informant
a contact person within the organization or group you can talk with to obtain information about the audience you will be speaking to
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Likert scale questions
survey questions that provide statements and then ask respondents to circle a number that measures their level of agreement with the statement
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Semantic differential scale questions
survey questions that ask participants to choose their position on a continuum between two polar opposites
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Numbers
raw quantitative data
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Expert testimony
information that you obtain from someone who has conducted extensive research on the topic, has significant experience with the topic, or holds a position that lends credibility to his or her ideas on a subject matter
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