Module 4: Reactions of arenes, Electrophilic aromatic substitutions

all carbonyl groups are ___ directing, deactivating substituents

meta, deactivating

-CN (C triple bond N) and -SO3H are __ directing and ____ substituents.

meta, are semi deactivating

-CF3 and -NO2 are __ directing, ___ substituents

meta, the most deactivating

all halides that aren’t connected to carbonyl groups are _____ directing, ___ substituents

ortho and para, the least deactivating

these substituents are ___ and VERY ___ substituents

ortho and para, activating

these substituents are ___ and ___ substituents

ortho and para, strong activating

these substituents are ___ and ___ substituents

ortho and para, activating

all groups that can act as lone pair donors, including alkyl groups are ___ directors

ortho/para

deactivating substituents are ____ reactive than activating substituents

less

Aniline ____ undergo Friedel-Crafts reactions.

cannot