A&P Lab Practical Terms

Lab Policies

• Always wear proper lab attire (gloves, goggles, closed-toe shoes).

• Clean your workspace before and after lab.

Anatomical Terms / Regions

• Brachial – upper arm region.

• Cervical – neck region.

• Femoral – thigh region.

Directional Terms

• Superior – toward the head or upper part of a structure.

• Inferior – away from the head; lower part of a structure.

Body Planes

• Sagittal plane – divides the body into left and right parts.

• Transverse plane – divides the body into upper and lower parts.

Organs

• Heart

• Lungs

Organ Systems

• Circulatory system

• Respiratory system

Homeostasis Examples

• Regulation of body temperature.

• Maintenance of blood glucose levels.

Landmark

Diaphragm – separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Regions / Quadrants

Right upper quadrant (RUQ) – contains liver and gallbladder.

Body Cavities

Thoracic cavity – contains heart and lungs.

Diffusion

movement of molecules from high to low concentration.

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

Tonicity

relative concentration of solutes in a solution.

Identify Solution of Egg

If the egg shrinks → hypertonic solution.

Rates of Diffusion

• Temperature increases rate.

• Smaller molecules diffuse faster.

• Greater concentration difference = faster diffusion.

Fibroblast

Produces fibers in connective tissue.

Collagen fiber

strong, flexible, found in tendons

Elastic fiber

allows stretch and recoil.

Name the Tissues

• Epithelial tissue

• Connective tissue

• Muscle tissue

• Nervous tissue

lungs

Simple squamous epithelium

attached to bones

Skeletal muscle

Over Compact Bone

Compact bone: dense, provides strength and support.

Epiphysis

ends of a long bone.

Diaphysis

shaft of a long bone.

Over Vertebrae

Vertebrae protect the spinal cord.

Coronal suture

between frontal and parietal bones.

Fontanelle

soft spot in infant skull.

Sinus

air-filled cavity in skull bones.

Medullary cavity

contains bone marrow.

Periosteum

outer covering of bone.

Acetabulum

hip socket.

Olecranon process

elbow of ulna.