representation, choosing government, participation, influence over policy, accountability, citizen education, legitimacy
functions of elections
in 2015 what actual percentage of the public vote got the conservatives what percent of seats (against FPTP)
36.9% = 50%
which group of political theorists prioritise the role of people within elections
democratic theorists
which group of people prioritise authority and stability for political systems
elite theorists
is FPTP majoritarian or plurality
plurality
what kind of system does FPTP create
two party system
in 2010, what was the combined support for labour and conservatives (issue in two-party system were barely a majority of the population even support the two parties who will win)
65%
in 1997, how much of a winners bonus did Labour get compared to the actual increase in voters (potential issue of FPTP but also helps majority)
22% versus 8.8%
what could the winners bonus arguably lead to
elective dictatorship
major benefit of FPTP
single-party government
where is the supplementary vote used
mayoral elections and police and crime commissioner
benefits of supplementary vote (3)
majoritarian, better for smaller parties, simple
what area had the results of its mayor elections changed as a result of SV (would have been tory if FPTP was used)
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough
why would SV be an especially good replacement for FPTP
simple change
what system involves ranking candidates, a quota, redistribution of votes and elects multiple MPs
single transferrable vote
what’s an advantage regarding quality of MPs as a result of Single Transferrable Vote
many from the same party run, elected on individual qualities
name for the quota used in STV (very complicated system)
droop quota
advantage of STV in terms of representation of the public
proportional
who does STV benefit
smaller parties
what example of areas would be complicated by larger constituencies (a feature of STV)
Scottish Highlands
disadvantages of STV
confusing, extremist parties, multiple MPs
where is STV used
northern ireland, republic of ireland, scottish local gov elections
where’s the additional members system used
scottish parliament, welsh parliament, london assembly
how many MPs does AMS elect per constituency
two
people can choose an MP based on individual qualities without sacrificing party preferences
AMS
issue with AMS regarding status of MPs
creates two classes of MPs
what system was in use in european parliamentary elections
regional list
what’s the most proportional system
regional list
what formula do the regional lists use
d’hondt formula
does the regional list system help minor parties and diversify representation
yes
who was elected to the european parliament in 2019 as a result of regional lists
Brexit party
are regional lists likely to be used in the future, since brexit
no
counter to effective representation (FPTP)
limited choice
counter to stable gov (FPTP)
divisive politics
responsible gov with a mandate counter (FPTP)
plurality not majority
In 2010, what proportion of MPs did not achieve a majority in their constituency
two thirds