Chemistry - Chapter 4 Part 1 Quiz

by kavyarrr

Diamond

A form of the element carbon in which the atoms are arranged in a crystal structure

Graphite

A form of the element carbon in which a carbon atom is bonded tightly to 3 other carbon atoms in flat layers

Nanotube

A form of carbon that consists of atoms in form of a long, hollow cylinder

The 3 shapes carbon chains can form

Straight, branched, ring

Isomer

Compounds that have the same chemical formula but a different structure (shape)

Saturated

All C have a single bond, end in “-ane”

Unsaturated

Double or triple C bonds, end in “-ene” (double) or “-yne” (triple)

Organic Compound

Most compounds that contain carbon

Hydrocarbon

An organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen

Properties of Diamond

• Hardest mineral on Earth

• Valued of its hardness, beauty, and usefulness - 10 on the mohs hardness scale

• Carbon is arranged in a crystal pattern

• Uses: jewelry and cutting tools (drill bits)

Properties of Graphite

• Carbon is arranged in layers, weak bonds between layers

• Layers move past each other

• Commonly found in pencils “lead” and used for machine lubricant

Properties of Nanotubes

• Rolled tubes of Graphite

• Tiny, strong, flexible tubes

• Good conductors of electricity

• Uses: medicine delivery and cables

Properties of all Organic Compounds

• Found in all living things

• Low melting points and low boiling points

• Many compounds are liquids or gases at room temperature

• Don’t conduct electricity

• Many are non-polar

• Strong Odors

The difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons

Saturated hydrocarbons contain only single carbon-carbon bonds, holding the maximum number of hydrogen atoms, while unsaturated hydrocarbons contain at least one double or triple bond, reducing hydrogen capacity

Describe how the terms diamond, graphite, and nanotubes are similar and different

Similarities

• They are all pure forms of Carbon

• They all rely on strong covalent between carbon atoms

Differences

• Carbon in diamond forms in a crystal structure while carbon in graphite forms in layers. Nanotubes are graphite sheets rolled in to cylinders.

• Diamond is the hardest known natural material. Graphite is very soft and slippery. Nanotubes are incredibly strong and flexible.

What properties do all hydrocarbons have in common

They are chains of H & C linked together

All are flammable

What are hydrocarbons used for

Fuel