chapteer 7 test rpocedures

arterial blood gases (ABGs)

test used to assess the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

auscultation

process of listening for sounds in the body; especially useful for detecting abnormal sounds in the thoracic cavity

bronchoscopy

visual examination inside the bronchi using a scope

chest X-ray (CXR)

Radiographic image done of the lungs and heart; often done with anterior, posterior, and lateral views

oximetry

use of a noninvasive device, called an oximeter to measure blood oxygen level. placed onto finger or earlobe

polysomnography

monitoring of a patient during sleep to aid in diagnosing apnea or other sleep disorders; sleep study

pulmonary angiography

X-ray visualization of arteries and veins using a contrast agent (dye) injected into the patients blood stream

pulmonary function test (PFT)

tests preformed to measure airflow into and out of the lungs; lung volumes; and gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream

spirometry

Measurement of air capacity in the lungs using a device called a spirometer

sputum culture and sensitivity

Test where secretions of the lungs are placed in a growth medium, observed for bacterial reproduction, and then tested for antibiotic effectiveness

sputum cytology

the microscopic examination of lung secretions for the presence of malignant cells

sweat test

test that aids in diagnosing cystic fibrosis by measuring the amount of chloride (sodium) in sweat

tuberculin (TB) skin test

Injection of a tuberculin-purified protein derivative (PPD) under the skin to determine whether or not a person has been exposed to tuberculosis (TB)

ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan

nuclear medicine diagnostic procedure where radioactive air is inhaled by the patient and the lungs to see if they are filling with air. radioactive dye is injected into patient to trace blood flow; helps in diagnosing pulmonary embolism

aerosol therapy

Inhaled medication suspended in mist and delivered by a nebulizer while the patient breathes; available in inhaler form

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

emergency lifesaving treatment given to someone who’s breathing or heartbeat has stopped. includes chest compressions to rescue breathing to restore normal cardiac & pulmonary functions

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

use of a machine that delivers mild air pressure to keep the airways open; common treatment for sleep apnea

endotracheal (ET) intubation

Insertion of a breathing tube through the mouth and glottis and into the trachea to open and maintain a clear airway

Heimlich maneuver

lifesaving technique where an obstructed airway is cleared by exerting pressure on the diaphragm

postural drainage

treatment used to drain pulmonary secretions after a patient has been placed in a position that uses gravity to promote the drainage (the head being lower than the feet)

supplemental oxygen therapy

additional concentration of oxygen provided by an endotracheal (ET) tube, mask, or nasal cannula (tube) to increase blood oxygen levels