USH - Unit 11 - 1920s

1920s

Red Scare

post-WWI fear that communists were working to destroy the American way of life

Palmer Raids

A 1920 operation in which US marshals raided the homes of suspected radicals and the headquarters of radical organization in 32 cities

Schenck v. US

Supreme Court decision concerning the question of whether the defendant possessed a First Amendment right to free speech against the draft during World War I, founded of the "clear and present danger" test

Sacco and Vanzetti

Italian radicals who became symbols of the 1920s Red Scare; arrested, tried and executed for a robbery/murder, believed by many to have been innocent but convicted because of their immigrant status and radical political beliefs

ACLU

organization established to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties

clear and present danger test

printed or spoken word may not be prohibited unless creates a clear and present danger of bringing about a substantial evil

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Harlem Renaissance

A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished

18th Amendment

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

Johnson-Reed Act

1924 law that severely restricted immigration to the United States to no more than 161,000 a year with quotas for immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and Asia.

Emergency Quota Act

US legislation that limited the number of immigrants from Europe which was set at 3% of the nationality currently in the U.S.

Marcus Garvey

African American leader during the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa., deported to Jamaica in 1927.

Prohibition

A total ban on the sale and consumption of alcohol

Pan-Africanism

the unity of all black Africans, regardless of national boundaries

Scopes Monkey Trial

1925 court case in Tennessee that focused on the issue of teaching evolution in public schools.

Eugenics

study of factors that influence the hereditary qualities of the human race and ways to improve those qualities

Return to Normalcy

Harding's campaign slogan, wanting to go back to how things were before the war

Speakeasies

Secret bars where alcohol could be purchased illegally

Flapper

Young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion

Nativism

the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.

Great Migration

Movement of African Americans from the South to the North for jobs.

Consumerism

a movement advocating greater protection of the interests of consumers

Lost Generation

Group of writers in 1920s who shared the belief that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked moral values and often choose to flee to Europe