ucsp

Social Science

The study of the behavior of a group based on social and political philosophy.

Datu

The name for the leader in ancient times, whose beliefs influenced the society.

Metaphysical Stage

A transitional phase where individuals explain their identity through a balance of theological and positive reasoning.

Positive Stage

A phase based solely on scientific methods, research, and facts.

Harriet Martineau

An English social theorist known as the "Mother of Sociology" and the first woman sociologist.

Sub-disciplines of Social Science

Sociology, Anthropology, and Political Science.

Sociology

The study of the relationship between individuals and society as they develop and change over time.

Anthropology

The study of culture and human societies.

Political Science

The study of politics, power, and government.

Philosophy

The love of wisdom, focusing on the nature of truth and specific issues.

Empirical Data

Information obtained through observation and experimentation in scientific inquiry.

Auguste Comte

A French philosopher known as the "Father of Sociology" who coined the term "sociology."

Theological Stage

A stage of societal development based on religious beliefs and traditions.

Cultural Relativism

The ability to understand and relate to other cultures deeply.

Karl Marx

A German philosopher known as the "Father of Scientific Socialism," who analyzed societal conflicts.

Bourgeoisie

The social class that owns the means of production, typically the wealthy or high class.

Proletariat

The working class or common people with the least wealth and power in society.

Emile Durkheim

A French sociologist known as the "Father of Functionalism," who emphasized the uniqueness of societies.

Max Weber

A German sociologist and pioneer of interpretative sociology, known for the concept of "Verstehen."

Franz Boas

A German-American anthropologist known as the "Father of Modern American Anthropology."

Participant Observation

A research method where the researcher lives with a cultural group to understand their culture.

Alfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown

A British social anthropologist known for the theory of structural functionalism.

Walter Lippmann

An American writer who critiqued the democratic system in his work "The Phantom Public."

Three Branches of Government

Legislative, Judiciary, and Executive, which are balanced in power.

Culture

A complex whole encompassing beliefs, practices, values, and norms shared by a society.

Material Culture

Tangible cultural components, such as tools and artifacts.

Non-material Culture

Intangible aspects of culture, including beliefs and values.

Folkways

Norms for everyday behavior that are followed for tradition or convenience.

Mores

Strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior.

Taboos

Strongly held norms that, when violated, result in extreme disgust.

Laws

Formalized norms that are written and enforced by legal authorities.

Enculturation

The process of adopting the behavior patterns of one's culture.

Acculturation

The adoption of practices from one culture by another culture.

Socialization

The process through which individuals learn and internalize the values and norms of their culture.

Holism

The interconnectedness of various parts of a culture, emphasizing the need to understand all aspects to grasp the whole.

Human Biological Evolution

Changes in genetics and inherited traits of biological populations over generations.

Cultural Evolution

The development of cultures from simple to complex forms.

Natural Selection

The process by which traits that enhance survival become more common in a population.

Hominids

The earliest members of the primate family, including early humans and human-like creatures.

Social Mapping

where our social interaction revolves in society. We are familiarizing ourselves with our limitations; Dito lamang umiikot ang iyong buhay.

CharlesWright Mills (1959)

argued with the concept as he believed that people can go beyond limitations and opportunities. Said we have the right to think creatively and outside the world.

Social Imagination

you are imagining things. We have no limitation. We study, apply, and use problem solving; Pwedeng umikot ang iyong buhay more than your social map. ○ Example: Us Filipinos use our bare hands when eating but sometimes even though we are not in China we still use chopsticks

Sociality

is defined by the very categories that we possess as assigned to us by society at large. “LABELS”- it is based on labels; it is being define by yourself (general)

Labels

are the essence of categorization

“Label” =“Sociality”