ESP Vocab Chapter 4.4, 4.5 pg 93-94

rest of ch 4 vocabulary

chain of custody

the only way a piece of evidence maintains its integrity, the entire chronological history of its transportation during discovery and after must be thoroughly kept. this means documentation of every person who has possession of the evidence (custody), spanning from the point of collection/seizure to admission at trial.

full faith and credit clause

article lV section 1: states within the US must respect the “public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.” which implies that states must give “full faith and credit” to the laws of other states. this doesn’t technically happen in practice. aka when only some states authorized same-sex marriages, and other states didn’t until the supreme court passed down a federal precedent legalizing them unilaterally.

precedent

a prior case (written court opinion) that subsequent courts either are bound by (if lower courts/under jurisdiction), or can refer to (if horizontally equivalent)

stare decisis

“let the decision stand” courts should follow previous court decisions unless there is a compelling reason not to.

due process

the state must protect the legal rights owed to each person according to the law (notice of proceedings, fair trials, etc.)

notice

providing knowledge of legally relevant information. the defendant in any legal action has a right to be noticed aka notified as to that matter. having “notice” of facts increases liability (when a person knows about a dangerous condition, it increases their duty)

artificial intelligence prompt

the input text or instructions provided to an AI model to generate a desired output. the quality of the prompt determines the quality of the answer.

natural language processing

the ability of AI systems to understand, interpret, and generate human language, written and spoken. can be used for legal research, contract analysis, document summarization.

machine learning process

the process by which AI systems learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. can be used for predicting case outcomes, and analyzing large amounts of data.

predictive analytics

using data mining, statistical modeling, machine learning techniques to analyze data and make predictions about future events. can be used for early case assessment and litigation risk analysis.

legal automation

using AI programs to automate legal tasks like document drafting, e-discovery, and other formatted processes

legal analytics

conducting legal analysis and visualization techniques to legal data to uncover patterns and trends; can use AI programs to assist.