Criminology chapter 3

What are the main classifications of crime under the UCR?

Violent crime, Property crime, Criminal code traffic violations, Drug offences, Other federal statute violations

What is a culpable homicide?

A homicide that is an offence under the Criminal Code, such as murder or manslaughter.

What is a non-culpable homicide?

A justifiable or excusable homicide, such as a police officer killing someone in the line of duty.

What defines first-degree murder under CC 231?

Planned and deliberate killing.

What is second-degree murder?

All murders that are not first-degree; still intentional but not planned.

What is manslaughter?

Unintentional killing.

What is infanticide?

When a mother causes the death of her child shortly after birth.

Define serial murder.

Killing several victims in 3 or more separate events.

Name 3 Canadian serial killers.

Paul Bernardo, Karla Homolka, Robert Pickton

Define mass murder.

Killing 4 or more people at one location during one event.

Name a Canadian mass murderer.

Marc Lepine

What are the levels of assault?

• Level 1: Common assault

• Level 2: Assault with weapon or causing bodily harm

• Level 3: Aggravated assault (wounding or endangering life)

What are the levels of sexual assault?

• Level 1: Violates sexual integrity

• Level 2: Involves weapon, threats, or bodily harm

• Level 3: Wounds, maims, or endangers life

What is robbery?

The unlawful taking or attempted taking of someone's property using violence or threats.

Name 3 other types of violent crime.

Forcible confinement, human trafficking, extortion

What is breaking and entering?

Unlawful entry of an area to commit a criminal offence.

Define theft.

Dishonestly taking property with the intent to permanently deprive the owner of it.

What is theft of a motor vehicle?

Taking a vehicle without the owner’s authorization (excludes planes, boats, etc.).

What is considered theft over $5000?

Theft of non-motor vehicle property valued over $5000.

What is fraud?

Deceitful conduct for personal gain, often involving false representation.

What is identity fraud?

Using someone’s identity to gain advantage for oneself or others.

What is identity theft?

Knowingly obtaining identity info with intent to use it for a criminal purpose.

Define mischief.

Willfully damaging property or interfering with its lawful use.

What is arson?

Intentional destruction of property by fire.

What are weapons violations?

Offences involving illegal possession, use, or trafficking of weapons.

What is child pornography under Canadian law?

Possession, distribution, or creation of sexually explicit images involving minors.

What is prostitution under criminal law?

Illegal buying/selling of sexual services or benefiting from such services.

What is terrorism?

Acts committed for political, religious, or ideological purposes to intimidate the public.

Under which sections of the Criminal Code is terrorism addressed?

Sections 83.01, 83.18, 83.23

What are hate crimes?

Criminal acts motivated by bias against race, religion, sexual orientation, etc.

What must exist before something is considered a hate crime?

An underlying criminal act.

What are the two most common categories of hate crime?

Race/ethnicity and religion

What reforms have been made to address hate crime in Canada?

• Intimidating access to places of worship now criminal

• Hate-motivated crimes now a specific offence

• Promoting hatred against an identifiable group is now a crime

What law governs drug offences in Canada?

The Controlled Drugs and Substances Act.

What are the two categories of drug offences?

Supply offences (growing/distribution) and possession offences (purchase/use).