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Huguenots
French protestants, heavily persecuted for religion
Edict of Nantes
Decree that ended religious wars by granting tolerance to Huguenots (1598)
coureurs de bois
French fur-trappers “runner of the woods”
voyageurs
“travellers” recruited Native Americans to fur trade business
Protestant Reformation
Protestants vs. Catholics; King Henry left Roman Catholic Church
Roanoke Island
Founded by Virginia Company, Est. by Sir Walter Raleigh, Roanoke colony mysteriously disappeared
Spanish Armada
fleet warships led by King Philip II attempt invasion England; Defeat → fall of Spanish Emp.
primogeniture
law only eldest son can inherit land, forced younger ones to move out to find fortune elsewhere
joint-stock company
Investors pool capital and share profits & losses
Virginia Company
joint-stock comp. chartered by King James I for settlement in New World; founded Jamestown
charter
legal doc. define privileges; Virginia Comp. guaranteed all settlers same rights regardless of location
Jamestown
First permanent Eng. settlement in North America
First Anglo-Powhatan War
Powhatans vs. Eng. settlers; Eng. used Irish tactics; end w/ peace settlement interracial union (1609-14)
Second Anglo-Powhatan War
Native Am. last effort kick out Virginians; peace settlement perm. separated Indians and whites (1644-46)
New Netherland
Est. by Dutch West India Comp. for quick profit fur trade; prosperous but absorbed by Eng. (1623-24)
Iroquois Confederacy
Bound together by Five Indian Nations; founded by Deganawidah and Hiawatha, in present-day New York