Pharmacology Unit 3

study guide

what species can and cannot have Prednisone

dogs: can

cats: cannot 

what body systems should you monitor while on Phenobarbital

liver - Phenobarbital causes hepatoxicity

which meds control seizures

Phenobarbital

Bromide

Zonisamide

Levetriacetam

Felbamate

Gabapentin

Trade name for Levetiracetam

Keppra

what drug affects chitin of parasites

Lufenuron

trade name: Program

in sentinel

define withdrawal period 

the required amount of time that must pass after administration of a drug to the time they can produce animal by products or be slaughtered 

what drugs treat Heartworm disease

adultacide: melarsomine

microfilaricide: ivermectin

what drug is used for organophosphate toxicity

Pralidoxime 

what parasites do anticestodals treat

tapeworms

what drugs treat hyper and hypothyroidism

hypothyroidism: Levothyroxine

hyperthyroidism: methimazole, carbimazole, ipodate, radioactive iodine, propranolol

what species is hyper and hypothyroidism most common in

hyperthyroidism: cats

hypothyroidism: dogs 

what drug is added to Phenobarbital to control seizures

Bromide

what drugs are Prostaglandin F2 Alphas

Dinoprost, tromethamine, fenprostaline, fluprostend, cloprestenol sodium

what insulins are short, intermediate and long acting

short acting: Regular, Semilente

intermediate acting: NPH, Lente

Long acting: PZI, Ultralente, Glargine

what drug is a HW adultacide

Melarsomine

what treatments are available for hyperthyroidism

methimazole, carbimazole, ipodate, propranolol, radioactive iodine

function of erythropoietin and why we use it

it is a hormone primarily produced by the kidney, it stimulates bone marrow to produce red blood cells

how do we measure insulin

in units

function of insulin in the body and why we use it

helps body use glucose for energy

-regulates glucose levels tx hypoglycemia

tx diabetes mellitus

what is Altrenogest

synthetic progestin used in horses

suppresses estrus for synchronization

maintains pregnancy in mares with low progesterone

what drug is used as a euthanasia agent 

Pentobarbital solution

active ingrediant in proheart

moxidectin

prostaglandin side effects

Dinoprost tromethamine: sweating in horses, abdominal pain, urination and defecation, panting - causes bronchial constriction, women use caution

Fenprostaline: injection infection, only SQ - women use caution

Fluprostenol: sweating, increased respiration, abdominal pain

Cloprostenol sodium: uneasiness, frothing at the mouth

what drugs are Avermectins (macrocyclic lactones)

Ivermectin, Doramectin, Eprinomectin, Moxidectin

what is selemectin and its trade name

Trade name: Revolution

monthly topical prevention

prevents: HW, fleas, ticks, sarcotic mange, roundworm, hookworm, earmites

Coccidistat med - Antiprotozoals

Amprolium - preventative - most common tx in cattle - 24 hr withdrawal period

Decoquinate - prevents coccidia

Lasalocid and Monensin - FATAL in horses

Ponazuril - treats Sarcocystic neurona EPM in horses

Sulfonamides - tx coccidia in small animals

what drugs should not be used in horses

Monensin and Lasalocid - FATAL in horses

Amitraz - causes fatal colon impaction

when is Fenbendazole used

wide spectrum activity - roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, taenia pisiformis, lungworm, and liver fluke

antinematodal and antiprotozoal

Benefit of epsiprental

trade: Cestex

Anticestodal

effective against taenia and D. caninum

generic name for Revolution

Selamectin

Amprolium use

its a nonsulfonamide - Antiprotozoal

effective against first gen schizont stage

most commonly used treatment in cattle

works on E. bovis and E. zuernii

24hr withdrawal period

what Avermectin can be used in lactating cattle 

Eprinomectin - only Avermectin approved for lactating dairy cattle

what topical medication should not be used on cats

Pyrethrins and pyrethroids

Amitraz - toxic to cats and rabbits

what does sarcocystic neurona cause

EPM equine protozoal myeloencephalitis

why do we use oxytocin

used for uterine contractility and induces milk letdown