2.3 and 2.4 vocab

gold standard

a momentary system by which the value of a currency is directly linked to the value of gold. itis also intended to give a nations currency international creditability

dawes plan of 1924

he was an American banker who help solve the Ruhr crisis by loaning the Germans money to pay reparation.

locarno conference

guaranteed Germany’s western frontier, which the bordering states of France, Germany, and Belgium pledged to treat as inviolable.

kellogg-briand pact of 1928

65 nations agreed to sign it to stop world wars but there were no consequences so, it was worthless

young plan

American banker, Owen, proposed a plan to reduce the total amount of reparations from 6.6 billion to 2 billion

little entente

alliance formed by Czechslovia, Romania, and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovens. purpose of common defense against Hungarian revisionism and prospect of a Habshurg restoration in Austria or Hungary

covenant

binding agreements made between nations

the war to end all wars

a phrase from a book the war that will end war, by a British author H.G. Wells in 1914. was used by president Wilson in his attempts to ensure that there would never be another major war.

noble peace prize

created by Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist. it was awarded annually to those who have don have done the most to encourage international peace and harmony

arbitration

the settling of a dispute between 2 parties by an impartial third party

collective security

the idea that if any member state of the league was threatened, all other member states would work together to defend it

economic sanctions

refusing to trade with a nation that was acting in defiance of the league’s judgements. it was hoped that such economic pressure would force the aggressor nation to back down

general assembly

main role was to decide general policy, to deal with the admission of new members of the league and to handle the organisation'‘s finances. all decisions must be unanimous

international red cross

organization aimed of easing the suffering of those adversely affected by war and armed conflict across the world. awarded 3 nobel peace prizes 1917,44,63

unanimous

a decision that is agreed by everyone

the council

a smaller body, whose main function was to settle political disputes between nations. it is made up of permanent and no-permanent members. their decisions are unanimous

secretariat

they aimed out the day to day work of league

permanent court of international justice

achieved some success in the 1920 but increasingly became less used during 1930s. it replaced the world court, which ceased to exist in 1946

commissions

a task or a group of people officially charged with a particular function

committees

a group of people who get appointed for a specific function or a person entrusted with the charge of another person’s property

repatriation

returning people, like prisoners of war, refugee/migrants, to their country of origin.

teschen

territorial dispute between Poland and Czechoslavakia over a region that has rich deposit of coal and one of the wealthiest/most industrialized in the former Austro-Hungarian Empire.

aland island

the league granted Finland this country. Both Finland and Sweden accepted the terms and war was averted.

upper silesia

territorial dispute between Germany and Poland. the league’s decision was to divide the area between Germany and Poland

yugoslavia-albania

the 2 countries had a dispute over territory on their joint border. league found in favor of Albania and Yugoslavians complained bitterly but had no choice but to withdraw its troops.

memel

this part was given to the league, but Lithiania claimed and invaded the region. so, they decided that they can keep the part, but it has to remain an international zone.

mosul

this region became a part of the British mandate of Iraq, but turkey demanded it back. the league was in favor of Iraq and the Turks accepted their decision

greece-bulgaria

Greece invade Bulgaria in 1925. so the league stopped the invasion and told Greece to withdraw and pay compensation to Bulgaria.

vilna

dispute between Poland and Lithania. Britain and French betrayed the league, so they did not enforce the decision that Poland should remove its forces and arrange plebiscite

treaty of Riga

Poland invaded Russia. Poland gained land and the league did not stop Poland because Russia was not a member of the league, and their communist government was unpopular to Britain and France.

invasion of ruhr

Germany failed to pay war reparations lead to France and Belgium invading this region. 2 members of the league were breaking the rules they committed to. because votes had to be unanimous, it was not solved until the Dawes plan of 1924

corfu

Italy blames Greece for the death of 3 Italian officials. Mussolini demanded compensation and occupied the Greek island. the league ordered the Italians to withdraw their troops. Mussolini refused, do the league had to deal with the issue.

council of ambassadors

an intergovernmental agency tasked of implementing the terms of the Paris Peace settlement and mediating territorial disputes between European states.