Microscope and Cell Biology Flashcards

Flashcards covering microscope parts, usage, and cell organelles.

Eyepiece

Lets you view and magnify the specimen.

Body Tube

Connects eyepiece to nosepiece.

Revolving Nosepiece

Turns to switch objective lenses.

Objective Lenses

Magnify the specimen at different powers.

Stage

Where the slide is placed for viewing.

Stage Clips

Hold the slide in place.

Diaphragm

Adjusts the amount of light that passes through the specimen.

Light Source

Provides the light for viewing the specimen.

Coarse Adjustment Knob

Makes large focus changes.

Fine Adjustment Knob

Makes small focus changes.

Arm

Supports the body and stage; used to carry the microscope.

Base

Bottom support of the microscope.

Low Power Lens

Shows more of the specimen compared to high power.

Diaphragm (Function)

Adjusts how much light passes through the specimen.

Microscope Use Steps (Order)

1. Turn on light. 2. Place specimen under low power. 3. Use low power to scan. 4. Focus using coarse adjustment. 5. Focus using fine adjustment under high power.

Centering a Specimen

Move the slide in the opposite direction of where it appears.

Darker Image Under High Power

Less light reaches the eye under higher magnification.

Coverslip Placement at an Angle

To avoid trapping air bubbles.

Total Magnification Calculation

Multiply eyepiece magnification × objective lens magnification (e.g., 20 x 10 = 200x).

Switching from Low to High Power

Larger image, less of the specimen is seen, more detail, darker image.

Nucleus

Control center, contains DNA (Both animal and plant cells).

Mitochondria

"Powerhouse," makes ATP via cellular respiration (Both animal and plant cells).

Cell Membrane

Controls what enters/leaves, holds cytoplasm (Both animal and plant cells).

Cytoplasm

Fluid that fills the cell (Both animal and plant cells).

Ribosome

Synthesizes proteins (Both animal and plant cells).

Vacuole

Stores water and other materials (Both animal and plant cells; larger in plants).

Lysosome

Contains enzymes to break down waste/nutrients (Animal cells).

Chloroplast

Site of photosynthesis – makes food & oxygen (Plant cells).

Cell Wall

Rigid structure for protection/support (Plant cells).

Centrioles

Help in cell division (Animal cells).