Treaty of Versailles

Why did clemenceau want revenge against germany

Alsace-Lorraine, WW1 losses of 1.4 mil deaths

why was french so harsh in ToV

wants compensation for WWI losses, break Germany till unable to invade France, grow French empire

What did Wilson want in the Tov

wants international peace and cooperation

what were in Wilson’s 14 points

• self determinism

• disarmament

• establish League of Nations

what was Wilson’s opinion on punishing Germany

Why?

Doesn’t care about Germanys punishment/gaining resources from it

Joined WWI late (1917) & few casualties

Did Lloyd agree with America or France’s position on Germanys punishment

He wanted a compromise between the two

Why did George think we should be lenient on Germanys punishment

• avoid revenge war

• keep France in check with Germany

• stop communist spreading

Why did George think we should be harsh on Germany’s punishment?

• expand British empire and maintain no. 1 naval status

• dislikes 14 points (harm empire)

• public demands revenge (elections are upcoming)

What was article 231

the war guilt clause

how much did Germany have to pay in reparations

when was that discussion decided?

£6.6 billion (finalised in 1921)

what where the army restrictions

men

airforce and submarines

battleships

10,000 men

no airforce or submarines

6 battleships

what were the terms surrounding the Rhine

demilitarised and allied-occupied for 15 years

what happened to Germanys territories

split between Britain, France, Belgium, Denmark and Poland

What happened to the Saar?

Why was it significant

administered to LoN for 15 years, then a plebiscite would occur. Meanwhile profits would go to France

Dilemma: Germany loses access to a very profitable area but is expected to pay £6.6 million

What happened to Danzig

• becomes free city

• Poland gains ports for trade

significant as Danzig is mostly german. AGAINST Self-determination

how much german land was lost

how much of the german population was lost

how much of iron and steel industry was lost

how much of the coal mines were lost

10%

12.5% or 12-13 million people

50%

16%

League of Nations x German exclusion

impacts german power negatively

LoN looks like ‘Victor’s Club’

What was the German opinion of ToV

Diktat - dictated peace

Name a fair and unfair attribute of reperations

Fair: allies have to fix war damages cause by Germany

Unfair: unreasonable (especially after taking resources needed to pay)

Name a fair and unfair attribute of territory loss

fair: build up Poland - surround Germany - protect europe. germany would have been harsher if they had won

unfair: hypocritical as anti self determination

Name a fair and unfair attribute of War Guilt clause

Fair: Schliefflen plan was coordinated long before start of WWI

Unfair: Russia mobilised first, Britain had arms race with Germany

Name a fair and unfair attribute of Disarmament

fair: germany had a past of being aggressive and prevents from her starting another.

unfair: unable to defend herself (Ruhr 1923, several revolutions)