AHH U5 MAP, VOCAB, + TIMELINE

1) Haymarket Riot of 1886

A labor protest rally in Chicago turned into a riot after someone threw a bomb at police. At least eight people died as a result of the violence that day. Despite a lack of evidence against them, eight radical labor activists were convicted in connection with the bombing

2)Homestead Strike of 1892

A violent strike in Pittsburgh over a decision to cut wages by nearly 20%. This strike ended with the destruction of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel workers, one of the largest unions at the time

3) Pullman Strike of 1894

A nonviolent strike that brought down the railway system in most of the West over wages. President Cleveland shut it down because it was interfering with mail delivery

4) Plessy v. Ferguson

U.S. Supreme Court decision supporting the legality of Jim Crow laws that permitted or required separate but equal facilities for blacks and whites

5) The Jungle written

A novel by Upton Sinclair that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago

Capitalism

A system of economic production based on the private ownership of property and the contractual exchange for profit of goods, labor, and money

Muckraking

When writers sought to expose corruption in big business and government

Migration

Patterns of movement across the country, including waves of new immigrants and formerly enslaved people moving toward urban centers

Andrew Carnegie

Known as the steel king; he integrated every phase of his steel-making operation.He pioneered "Vertical Integration" to improve efficiency by controlling the quality of the product at all stages of production and eliminating the middleman

Social Darwinism

The idea that the wealthy and powerful were naturally superior and deserved their success

John D. Rockefeller

A man who started from meager beginnings and eventually created an oil empire. In Ohio in 1870 he organized the Standard Oil Company. By 1877 he controlled 95% of all of the refineries in the United States

Gilded Age

The age between the Civil War and WWI when the American economy grew rapidly and individuals were able to use monopolies to amass great wealth

JP Morgan

A banker who financed the reorganization of railroads, insurance companies, and banks. He bought out Carnegie and in 1901 he started the United States Steel Corporation

Unions

An organized group of workers that use collective bargaining to improve working conditions

Titans of Industry

Positive name for wealthy business owners during the Gilded Age, implying that they helped the United States become strong through their business pursuits

Gospel of Wealth

The idea that extremely wealthy Americans had a responsibility to spend their money in order to benefit the greater good.

Robber Barons

Negative term for wealthy business owners during the Gilded Age who made fortunes by monopolizing huge industries through unethical business practices

1MAP) Golden Spike Laid

A national historic site commemorating the completion of the first transcontinental railroad, linking the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroads

2 MAP) Ellis Island

Place in the New York Harbor that served as the main point of entry for immigrants to the United States from 1892 to 1954

3 MAP) Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

An industrial disaster in the city of New York, causing the death of 146 garment workers who either died from the fire or jumped to their death