Level 3: Drugs Ch. 24-25

Flashcards about Drugs Ch. 24-25

Salicylates

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic Acid or ASA)

Uses of Aspirin

Mild to moderate pain, arthritis

Side Effects of Aspirin

Rash, headache, nausea, diarrhea, dyspepsia, GI bleeding, abdominal pain, elevated hepatic enzymes, tinnitus, hearing loss

Adverse Reactions of Aspirin

Leucopenia, bruising, hemorrhage, purpura

Drug Interactions with Aspirin

Anticoagulants, other NSAIDS, ACE inhibitors, corticosteroids, loop diuretics

Lab Interactions with Aspirin

Bleeding time, uric acid, INR

Reye Syndrome

Do not give to children with flu like symptoms due to the risk of:

COX-2 inhibitor

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Uses of Celecoxib

Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, pain, dysmenorrhea

Side Effects of Celecoxib

Dizziness, headache, sinusitis, GI distress, ulceration, hypertension, peripheral edema, renal dysfunction

NSAID

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

Uses of Ibuprofen

Pain, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis

NSAID

Naproxen (Aleve)

Uses of Naproxen

Arthritis, moderate pain

NSAID

Ketorolac (Toradol)

Uses of Ketorolac

Severe pain, injectable

Blackbox warning for NSAIDs

GI bleeding, thrombotic events: MI, stroke

TNF blocker

Infliximab (Remicade)

Uses of Infliximab

Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, spondylitis, psoriasis

Adverse Effects of Infliximab

Immunosuppression, opportunistic infections, predispose to severe infections

Uric acid reducer

Allopurinol

Action of Allopurinol

Decreases uric acid synthesis

Side Effects of Allopurinol

Dizziness, headache, dry mouth, GI distress, bradycardia, hyperglycemia, Steven Johnson syndrome

Caution/Side Effect of Analgesics

Respiratory depression (under 12 respirations)

Medication to reverse respiratory depression

Naloxone

Side Effects of Analgesics

Constipation, urinary retention, renal failure, orthostatic hypotension

Contraindications for Analgesics

Asthma, emphysema, COPD, head injuries (pupils), infants, elderly, obese, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, enlarged prostate, hepatic disease, gallbladder issues

Analgesic and antipyretic

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Action of Acetaminophen

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

Uses of Acetaminophen

Aches, pain, fever

Side Effects of Acetaminophen

Rash, headache, insomnia, low incidence GI distress

Toxic Effects of Acetaminophen

Hepatotoxicity, renal failure, thrombocytopenia

Opioid analgesic

Hydrocodone and acetaminophen (Norco)

Opioid analgesic

Morphine sulfate

Action of Morphine Sulfate

Binds to Kappa & MU receptors

Opioid analgesic

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Administration of Hydromorphone

Administer slowly, 4-5 min IV, monitor respirations

Opioid analgesic

Oxycodone

Opioid analgesic

Fentanyl

Administration of Fentanyl

IV post-op pain, severe pain, slowly, monitor patient

Opioid antagonist

Naloxone (Narcan)

Administration of Naloxone

IM/IV, reversal drug

Triptan

Sumatriptan (Imitrex)

Aspirin Caution

Avoid if hypertensive; can cause Liver damage

Aspirin Avoidance

Do not drink alcohol while on this medication

NSAIDS Caution

Can affect the GI tract.

NSAIDS Avoidance

Do not drink alcohol while on these medications.

Analgesics Caution

Monitor VS, naloxone ready, Ambu bag

Naloxone Administration

Rapid naloxone can cause withdrawal symptoms

Naloxone Consideration

Always monitor for rebound RD

COX-2 inhibitor advantage

less adverse effects on stomach lining