PYS 200 Exam 3

Welchsler Adult Intellegence Scale

The most widely used intelligence test for adults.

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

A measure of intelligence that is adjusted for age.

Flynn Effect

The observation that scores on intelligence tests worldwide have increased substantially over the past decades.

Mental Age

The age at which a person is performing intellectually.

Which of the following defines the Flynn Effect?

Scores on intelligence tests are increasing over time.

To learn about the characteristics of an intelligence test, scientists will administer it to a large number of people of different ages and compute the average score on the test at each age level. This process is known as:

Standardization

Which of the following domains are measured on the WAIS? Select all that apply.

• verbal

• working memory

• perceptual

• processing speed

_______ refers to the capacity to learn new ways of solving problems and performing activities.

Fluid Intellegence

_______ refers to the accumulated knowledge of the world we have acquired throughout our lives.

Crystallized Intellegence

When Latisha takes her advanced calculus exam, she worries that she might not do well because she is a woman. What is Latisha experiencing?

stereotype threat

__________ is a basic ability that underlies the performance of different varieties of intellectual tasks.

General Intelligence (g)

__________ is a measure of specific skills in narrow domains.

Specific Intellegence (s)

Order the four stages of information processing in the parieto-frontal integration model.

Sensory information is processed by the cerebral cortex

The parietal lobes integrate sensory information.

The parietal lobes communicate with the frontal lobes.

The anterior cingulate helps implement the chosen solution and inhibit other solutions.

Which of the following factors affects intelligence? Select all that apply.

• epigenetics

• genetics

• environmental factors

Which of the following is the use of structured tests to select people who are likely to perform well at given jobs?

Personal selection

___________  is the use of logic and mathematical skills to solve problems.

Logico-Mathematical

________  is movement of the body, such as in dance and sports.

Kinesthetic

________  is understanding and interacting effectively with others.

interpersonal

______  is understanding and interacting effectively with others.

Spatial

Which of the following are types of intelligence in the theory of multiple intelligences? Select all that apply.

intrapersonal and muscial

The augmented theory of successful intelligence is comprised of how many factors?

4

Which type of intelligence is frequently measured by cognitive intelligence tests?

analytical intelligence

What we commonly call "street smarts" best matches which type of intelligence?

practical intellegence

Which of the following is a component of emotional intelligence? Select all that apply.

• understanding emotions

• using emotions to help with cognition

• perceiving emotion

• managing emotions

Which of the following is a component of cultural intelligence? Select all that apply.

• metacognitive CQ

• cognitive CQ

• motivational CQ

• behavioral CQ

Jayden is six years old and is learning to read. He sees the sentence, "The two mean foxes are scuffle." Jayden will use _____ to understand that "scuffle" should be written as "scuffling," and he will use ____ to understand that "scuffling" means "fighting."

syntax; context

Locate brain areas from front to back

Broca’s Area, Motor Cortex, Auditory Cortex, Wernickes Area

What are the smallest units of meaningful language?

Morphems

What are the elementary sounds of our language?

Phonemes

Which brain area, that is located next to the auditory cortex, is responsible for language comprehension?

Wernicke's area

______  is the brain's ability to develop new neural connections.

Plasticity

_______ is an area of the brain next to the auditory cortex that plays an important role in language comprehension.

Wernicke's area

______  is an area of the brain near the motor cortex that plays an important role in language production

Broca’s Area

 ______ is a time in which learning can easily occur.

Critical Period

Which of the following is a condition in which language functions are severely impaired?

aphasia

What is a language’s set of rules called?

syntax

The set of words we typically use is called _____ vocabulary.

productive

The set of words we understand when used by others is called _____ vocabulary.

receptive

In written communication, emoticons can provide what type of important information?

contextual

Which of the following equations best represents the two-factor theory of emotion?

emotion = arousal + cognition

What did psychological scientists discover in their study using "suproxin?"

People could be induced to experience different emotions depending on the behavior of a confederate.

The strength of emotion is determined by the intensity of physiological arousal and by a cognitive appraisal of the situation.

two-factor theory of emotion

The experience of emotion is accompanied by physiological arousal.

Cannon-Bard theory of emotion

 The experience of emotion is the result of the arousal that we experience.

James-Lange theory of emotion

Jayden went to see a comedian who was doing stand-up at the local performing arts venue. Jayden found themselves feeling angry at the comedian's racist, sexist, and homophobic jokes. A few weeks later, when friends invited Jayden over to watch that same comedian’s show on TV, Jayden declines. This is an example of how our emotions can lead to:

operant conditioning.

Facial expressions can tell us about the emotions another person is experiencing. Positive emotions tend to use more muscles around the ____ . Negative emotions tend to use more muscles around the ____.

mouth; eyes

Researchers have found 35 facial expressions that are common across cultures. Each culture, however, may add its facial tweak to these expressions. For example, when expressing disgust, people from China also tend to lower their heads in addition to this facial expression. Researchers refer to this additional behavior as:

an emotional accent

Which of the following is a function of emotion? Select all that apply.

• Emotions communicate to others what we are feeling.

• The physiological arousal that accompanies emotion is adaptive. 

• Emotions influence what we perceive.

Which of the following are types of emotion regulation? Select all that apply.

• attentional deployment

• situation modification

• situation selection

Maria, who got only high grades in high school, was shocked to see a 67% grade on her first college exam. After the initial anger and sadness, Maria decided to view the score as a wake-up call and see this as an opportunity to try out some new study strategies. Which emotion regulation did Maria use?

cognitive change

Anorexia Nervosa

Extremely low body weight, distorted body image, and an obsessive fear of gaining weight.

Binge eating disorder

Binge eating not followed by purging

Bullima nervosa

Binge eating followed by purging

Order the stages of the sexual response cycle from earliest to latest.

Arousal

Plateau

Orgasm

Resolution

How many people worldwide are estimated to be without adequate water service and food?

8.5 Million

Which of the following statements about hunger are true? Select all that apply.

• It can cause negative emotions.

• It is caused by interactions among the nervous, hormonal, and chemical systems.

• It is a state of physiological arousal

• It is harder to concentrate when we are hungry.

_____ is a hormone that signals to the brain that we are hungry.

Ghrelin

_____  is the main sugar that the body uses for energy.

Glucose

_____  is a hormone produced and stored by fat cells.

Leptin

In what ways can other people influence what and how much we eat? Select all that apply

• When we are unsure what to eat, we are more likely to eat what those around us are eating.

• We tend to eat more when we are eating with people who are eating a lot.

• We may choose what to eat based on how we want others to see us. 

The amount of energy our bodies expend while at rest is called the:

basal metobolic rate

When men and women engage in sexual behavior together, women have fewer orgasms than men. This is called the:

gendered orgasm gap

____ is the belief in our ability to carry out actions that produce desired outcomes.

Self-efficacy

____ is the general tendency to expect positive outcomes.

Optimism

___  is the assessment of our own happiness and life satisfaction.

Subjective well-being

Which element of the PERMA model is represented by "R"?

Relationships

Roberto is feeling down, so he decides to spend the afternoon gardening, a hobby he loves. He sees, after a couple of hours, that he has not even realized how much time has passed, and he feels better. Which element of the PERMA model has Roberto used to increase his feeling of subjective well-being?

Engagement

Money is most likely to contribute to subjective well-being when we use it for which reasons? Select all that apply.

• to meet our basic needs

• as resource to buffer us against life’s stressors

Emily gets a higher-paying job and moves out of her low-rent apartment and into a condo in a more expensive part of the city. Social comparison predicts that because Emily now compares herself to her new neighbors, she likely feels how happy compared to how she felt before her move?

less happy

SMART goals are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and:

time-bound