Esthetician State Board Exam

What are pesticides that can be harmful if absorbed through the skin?

Disinfectants

What are single cell microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics?

Bacteria

What is staph bacteria responsible for?

Food poisoning

What is a liposome?

Closed-lipid bilayer spheres

What are disinfectants?

Chemical products that destroy most fungi and viruses on surfaces

What do surfactants do?

Allow oil and water to mix

What is known to be a good conductor?

Tap water

What is the function of sebaceous glands?

Protect the surface of the skin

What is coenzyme 10?

An antioxidant

What is thermolysis?

Permanent hair removal through the process of electrosis

What are corneocytes?

Waterproof cells made of hardened keratinocytes

What is a verruca?

A wart

What kind of solution has a pH below 7?

Acidic

What does pH stand for?

Potential hydrogen

What kind of movement is used to rotate the muscles?

Supinate

What is Botox?

A neuromuscular-blocking serum that paralyzes nerve cells on the muscle when the serum is injected

What occurs in the Stratum Germinativium? (Basal cell layer)

Mitosis

What is a tone?

Natural hue + gray

If you had one bad sunburn in childhood, your chance of melanoma is _?

Doubled

What is true of Fitzpatrick skin types 5&6?

They may have abnormal hypertrophic scarring

What are capable of replication only through taking over the host cells function?

Viruses

Oxidation and reduction always occur simultaneously and are referred to as a _ reaction.

Redox

How many categories do SDS (safety data sheets) have?

16

What has a very high pH and can damage skin and eyes?

Phenolic disinfectants

What is the purpose of sudoriferous glands ?

Excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature

Biofilms

Keep the body in a state of chronic inflammation that is painful and inhibits healing

What is the purpose of a chelating ingredient?

Improves efficiency of preservatives

What skin condition is known as “prickly heat”?

Milia rubra

What can you combine lasers with to make them more effective ?

Radio waves

What is the pH of skin and hair ?

5

Where should you begin your massage?

Begin from muscle insertion and move to origin of the muscle

What should you never mix bleach with?

Detergents

Who registers all disinfectants sold in the United States?

EPA

What skin conditions is known as “chicken skin”?

Keratosis Pilaris (dry, rough patches, keratin buildup)

What can microcurrent be used for?

Increase muscle tone

What is the integumentary system?

First line of defense against infection and water loss

What is the subcutaneous layer?

Loose connective tissue, protective cushion, energy source

Stratum Corneum “horny layer”

Outermost layer, composed of corneocytes

Stratum Lucidum “clear layer”

Clear layer of epidermis under stratum corneum; thickest on palms and soles of feet

Stratum Granulosum “grainy layer”

Layer of the epidermis composed of cells filled with keratin that resemble granules; replaces cells shed from stratum corneum

Stratum spinosum “spiny layer”

Layer of epidermis containing proteins

Stratum Germinativum “basal layer”

Active layer of the epidermis; cell mitosis

Papillary layer

First layer of the dermis; nerve ending found her

Recticular layer

Denser and deeper layer of the dermis comprised mostly of collagen and elastin

Layers of the Skin

Corneum

Lucidum

Granulosum

Spinosum

Germinativum

Papillary

Recticular

Top 5 Infectious Pathogens

Bacteria, virus, fungus, parasites, biofilms

MRSA (Staphylococci)

Among the most common bacteria that affects humans

Antiseptics

Chemical germicides formulated for use on the skin

What is a lesion?

Structural change in the tissue caused by damage or injury

What are the three types of lesions?

Primary, secondary, tertiary (involves blood or circulatory system)

Primary lesions

Lesions in the initial stage of development or change

Secondary lesions

Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface, such as crust or scab, or by depressions in the skins surface

Benign

Not harmful

Malignant

Cancerous

Carcinoma

Cancerous

Basal cell carcinoma

Most common, least severe type of skin cancer which often appears as light, pearly nodules

Squamous cell carcinoma

More serious than basal cell; characterized by scaly, red, or pink papills or nodules (can also appear crusty)

Malignant melanoma

Most serious form of skin cancer as it can spread quickly; black or dark patches on the skin, uneven texture, jagged or raised , may have surface crust or bleed

ABCDE of melanoma detections

Asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolving

Cysts

Nodules made up of deep pockets of infection

Pilosebaceous unit

Term for the the entire follicle that includes the hair shaft, sebaceous gland,, and sebaceous duct to surface

Milia

Small epidermal cysts that appear as firm, white papules

Seborrha

Severe oiliness of the skin

PCOS

A hormonal condition that effects 1 in 20 women

Rosacea

An inflammatory and vascular (red/pink skin, small dial aged blood vessels)

Telangiectasia

Visible capillaries (due to injury, rosacea, hormonal, changes, or weather changes)

Cuperose Skin

Ruddy complexion caused by a matting of tiny telangiectasia spots

Vericose veins

Visible vascularity that are abnormally divalater and twisted

vitiligo

A pigmentation disease characterized by white irregular patches of skin totally lacking pigment

Dermatitis

Inflammatory condition of the skin

Hypertrophies

Abnormal growth

Bromhidrosis

Foul smelling sweat

Diaphoresis

Excessive sweating due to underlying medical conditions