Conflict & Cooperation with Native Americans - Video Notes Flashcards

A comprehensive set of Q&A flashcards covering key events and figures in the conflict and cooperation between colonists and Native Americans as presented in the video notes.

Who acted as interpreter for the Wampanoag leader Massasoit and the Pilgrims?

Squanto.

Who helped negotiate the alliance between Massasoit and the Pilgrims as interpreter?

Squanto.

Which crops did Squanto teach the Pilgrims to grow?

Corn and squash.

What year did the Pilgrims' Thanksgiving celebration occur, aided by Squanto?

1621.

What phrase did Governor William Bradford use to describe Squanto?

"A special instrument sent of God."

What sparked the Powhatan Wars beginning in 1622?

Opechancanough's attack after the Powhatan stopped providing food to stay-at-home colonists.

Who was the Powhatan chief who led attacks on colonial settlements and died in 1618?

Opechancanough.

What was the approximate percentage of Native Americans killed in Virginia within the first 60 years due to warfare and disease?

About 90%.

Who founded a fur trading post in Quebec in 1608?

Samuel de Champlain.

During the Beaver Wars, which groups were primarily involved, and which European powers did they align with?

Hurons with the French; Iroquois with the Dutch (gun trade).

By 1667, which Iroquois nation was the last to surrender?

Mohawks.

What did the peace settlement with the French require the Mohawks to accept?

Jesuit missionaries into their communities.

What happened to the Iroquois who remained in New York after the conflict?

They formed an alliance.

What did Puritans believe about predestination?

God saved only a few chosen people (the elect).

What event sparked the Pequot War in 1636?

The murder of two English traders.

What was the outcome of the Pequot War?

The Pequots were defeated and their land seized by the English.

What organization did the New England colonies form to defend against common enemies after the Pequots?

New England Confederation.

When did King Philip's War take place?

1675–1678.

Who was Metacom also known as, and what tribe did he lead?

Metacom, also known as King Philip; leader of the Wampanoag.

What was the outcome of King Philip's War for New England's Native resistance?

End of formidable Native American resistance in New England; Metacom killed in 1676; Native losses were heavy.

When did the Pueblo Revolt occur?

1680.

Who led the Pueblo Revolt against Spanish rule?

Popé.

What were the effects of the Pueblo Revolt?

Syncretism of native and Catholic practices; end of the encomienda system; Pueblo regained autonomy for 12 years; Spanish returned in 1692.

What did Spanish authorities do in 1692 after the Pueblo Revolt?

Returned and regained control of Pueblo lands.