chorus vocab

Dynamics

The volume of the music

Volume

the degree of loudness or the intensity of a sound

Pianissimo (pp)

very soft

piano (p)

soft

mezzo piano (mp)

moderately soft

mezzo forte (mf)

moderately loud

forte (f)

loud

fortissimo (ff)

very loud

crescendo (cresc.)

gradually

decrescendo (decres.)

gradually softer

diminuendo (dim.)

gradually softer

sforzando (sfz)

a sudden, strong, forced accent

subito

suddenly

Tempo

speed

largo

very slow

adantino

slightly faster

moderato

moderate speed

allergo

fast, happy

vivace

lively

presto

very quick

accelerando (accel.)

gradually faster

ritardando (rit.)

gradually slower

rallentando (rall.)

gradually slower

poco a poco

little by little

legato

smooth and connected

staccato

short and choppy

marcato

marked and accented

dolce

sweetly

expressivo

expressive, with emotion

grandioso

grand

maestoso

majestically

a capella

without accompaniment