POLS 100: American Government and Politics

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on key concepts from the American Government and Politics lecture notes.

Political Parties

Groups of officeholders, candidates, activists, and voters who seek to elect individuals under a group label.

Two-Party System

A political system in which only two political parties have a realistic opportunity to compete for control.

Third Parties

Political parties that organize to compete against the two major American political parties.

Party Identification

A psychological tie that voters develop with a political party, influencing their understanding of politics.

Political Participation

Activities designed to influence government; includes voting, contacting officials, and attending events.

Voter Turnout

The percentage of eligible voters who actually participate in elections.

Plurality System

An electoral system in which the candidate with the most votes wins, regardless of whether they achieve a majority.

Single-Member District

An electoral district where one representative is chosen from each district.

Proportional Representation

An electoral system in which parties gain seats in the legislature in proportion to the number of votes they receive.

Political Mobilization

The process by which large numbers of people are organized for a political activity.

Civic Education

Education that promotes awareness of civic duty and the electoral process.

Electoral College

A body of electors established by the Constitution to elect the president and vice president of the United States.

Strategic Mobilization

Efforts by political parties to identify and persuade potential voters to participate in elections.

Registration Reform

Changes in laws and practices intended to increase voter registration and participation.

Voting Rights Act (VRA)

A landmark piece of federal legislation aimed at ensuring voting rights for all Americans, particularly minorities.

Motor Voter Act

A law enacted to facilitate voter registration by allowing individuals to register when applying for or renewing driver's licenses.

Political Efficacy

The belief that one's participation in politics makes a difference.

Party Differences

The perception that there are significant differences between political parties, influencing voter turnout.

Public Opinion Polling

Surveys used to gauge public sentiment on various political issues and candidates.

Voter ID Laws

Regulations that require individuals to present identification in order to vote.

Campaign Finance

The funds raised to promote candidates, parties, or policies throughout the electoral process.

Majority Rule

The principle that the greater number should exercise greater power in decision-making.