05c. Other hamster models & diseases

What hamster is the most radioresistant?

Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)

Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster) - Cricetulus griseus

What is the major use of the Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) model?

-Chinese hamster ovarian cells (CHO) - obtain heterologous protein products or synthesize wide array of recombinant therapeutic products

Stomach and esophageal cancer can be induced in a Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) by administration of what?

diethylnitrosamine

Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) spontaneously develop ____.

hereditary diabetes mellitus

Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) are a good model for cytogenetic studies because of what key feature?

low chromosome number (22)

Defining feature about male Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)?

exceptionally large testicles

What organs are larger in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) compared to other species of similar size

liver, brain, spleen

The average size of a Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)? Life span?

-small (like a full grown mouse), 39-46g

-2.5-3yr

What diet should be fed to Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)? What can be added to supplement breeders?

-regular rodent diet

-wheat germ

Signs of sexual maturity in female Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)?

-vaginal opening w/ mucus at beginning of estrus

Breeding season for Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)?

polyestrous

Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus): How long is gestation? average litter size? post partum estrus?

-20.5d

-4-5 pups

-4d after birthing

Social structure for breeding in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)?

-females can become very aggressive after mating - may kill male

-hand mating used to be used, but now selective monogamous breeding / docile females used

-females will fight until dominance established

What is a common cause of infertility in young female Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)?

excessive growth of hair around vulva preventing penile pentration

For a Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) what teeth are they born with, when does body hair come in, when are ears/eyes open, when do testicles drop?

-incisors

-3-4d

-10-14d

-30d

What organ do Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) not have?

gallbladder

What infectious dz can Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) get? What infectious dz are they resistant to?

-get - Tyzzer’s, trichomonas spp.

-resistant - demodective mange

What type of diabetes do Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) get?

Type 1 - they don’t make insulin, degranulation of beta pancreatic islet cells - primary defect

Type I DM in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) is a ____ trait. How many genes involved? How many need to be homozygous to get glucosuria?

-recessive

-4 genes

-2 genes

How many off spring become diabetic if Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) parents are ketotic?

all

CS of type I DM in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)?

-as early as 18d of age

-PU/PD, urine staining and scald

-weight gain then weight loss

-lethargy

-blindness, conjunctivitis

-alopecia

-very susceptible to stress (like cage change can trigger sudden death)

-secondary infections from immunosuppression (Tyzzer’s)

-female infertility or abortion/fetal death

Pathology and histology associated with Type I DM in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)?

-kidneys enlarged, spongy, friable

-dilated renal pelvis, hydronephrosis, large bladder

-large yellow/gray liver

-decreased pancreatic islets of langerhans, decreased beta cells, periodic acid schiff (PAS) positive material in cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei

-decreased insulin → elevated glucagon in pancreas and stomach, decrease in LDH

How to treat Type I DM in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)?

hypoglycemic drugs for breeding females to maintain lines

What 3 things can induce Type I DM in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)?

-Streptozotocin

-Alloxan

-monosododium glutamate (necrosis and loss of nerve cell bodies in hypothalamic nuclei)

If female Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) fight, where will the bite wounds be?

tail and head

Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) have a low incidence of what 2 neoplasms? Others?

-Leukemia

-uterine adenocarcinomas (vaginal bleeding)

-benign hepatomas, noduler hyperplasia, pancreatic adenocarcinoma

In Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) cerebral hemorrhage can be seen after administration of what/

-chronic administration of 131Iodine

____ can be seen in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus) with DM, absorption of alveolar bone, inflammation, pocket formation, seen in humans

periodonititis

____ can be seen in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus), it causes small pitted kidneys with interstitial fibrosis

nephrocalcinosis

____ can be induced with DM in Chinese hamster (Striped back hamster, Cricetulus griseus)

spondylosis

Armenian hamster (Gray hamster, Cricetulus migratorius)

Armenian hamster (Gray hamster, Cricetulus migratorius) are an animal model for?

-meiosis - unique semisynchronous meiotic preogression

-cytogenetic

-prion dz

What is an important use for Armenian hamster (Gray hamster, Cricetulus migratorius) ___ cells.

spleen cells form stable hybridomas with mouse myeloma cell lines

Armenian hamster (Gray hamster, Cricetulus migratorius) are susceptible to ______. Highly susceptible to ____ viruses. Have a high tolerance to _____.

-mutagens/carcinogens

-highly susceptible to ongogenic viruses (like Syrian hamsters)

-high tolerance to homologous and heterologous transplantable tumors in cheek pouch (like syrian)

Armenian hamster (Gray hamster, Cricetulus migratorius) average weight, age at sexually maturity, gestation length, chromosome number?

-33-80g

-50d

-18-19d

-22

Armenian hamster (Gray hamster, Cricetulus migratorius) ___ dz is rare in them. Can get ____ from estrogen exposure. Get Demodex ____ on face and back.

-infectious dz

-hepatocellular carcinoma

-D. cricetuli

European hamster (Cricetus cricetus)

European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) will develop respiratory tumors with ______ administration. Better model for ____ studies.

-N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN)

-smoke inhalation

European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) are under strict legal protection ______ - no breeding colonies in US

Europe - Appendix II

European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) is a true hibernator. When does it hibernate?

winter months

Size of European hamster (Cricetus cricetus)

-largest hamster species

European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) organ they do not have, chromosome number, life span, which sex is larger

-gallbladder

-22

-34mo for females and 31 for males

-males larger than females

European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) litters have a defined social order, what is it?

-largest/heaviest male most dominant

Female European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) are ____ to males except during estrus. Litters per year & litter size? estrus cycle length? Sexually maturity? gestation length? Wean date?When should they not be bred?

-aggressive

-1-2/yr

-6-9 pups

-4-6d

-90d for males, 60d for females

-15-21d (less if lab born)

-25-28d

-winter months (vaginas close, testicles reduce in size and go into abdomen

Diet of European hamster (Cricetus cricetus)

-seed eaters (granivore), but will eat rodent diet

Neoplasias of European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) - how common are they? Sex predilection? name them?

-spontaneous neoplasia common -70% incidence by 2yr

-males more than females

-leukemias, lymphomas, adrenal pheochromocytomas, granulosa cell tumors (females)

-thymomas - benign

European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) have very few ___ parasites

endo or ecto

European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) have _____ that form primarily in the liver, but also cecum, overies, spleen, kidney, and colony. More common what sex?

-peritoneal cavity cysts

-females

In European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) ___, ___, and ____ increase with age which may make the ma good dental model.

malocclusion, osteomyelitis, and dysplasia

European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) can get secondary bacterial infections associated with ____ in head of jaw. What bacteria?

-fistulated abscesses

-corynebacteria, staph, pastuerella pneumotropica, pasteurella multocida

Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus)

How to tell the two Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus) apart?

-Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli - keeps gray coat

-Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus - molts to pure white coat in winter (think silk white)

Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus) - which one provides monogomous parental care to young?

Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli (think campbell’s family)

Major differences of the Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus) compared to other hamsters?

short life span - avg is 9-15m

Chromosome number of Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus)

28 - higher than other hamsters

Reproductive cycle of Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus)? Length of estrus, length of gestation, pregnancy continuation dependent on what? season of breeding, hormone absent mid gestation that rises in late gestation

-most compressed repro cycle of any eutherian mammal

-4d estrus, 18d gestation, can get pregnant day of parturition

-progesterone by corpus luteum

-long day (summer)

--prolactin

Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus) have a high incidence of neoplasia. They are susceptible to ____. They can be infected with oncogenic viruses ___, ___, and ___.

-carcinogens

-Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), human mastadenovirus A, SV40

Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus) are an animal model to study
___ and ___ (in relation to photoperiods)

-pineal gland

-melatonin secretion

The major use for Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus) as an animal model is to study ___ and ___.

-behavior

-reproductive physiology

The Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus) hibernation

they don’t hibernate even when its -40C

Contrary to other hamsters Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus) females are

nonaggresive

Diet of Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus)

nocturnal

crepuscular

Neoplasias common in Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus)

-Russian dwarf females esp

-oral cavity, skin, mammary glands

___ can happen in female Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli that are not bred

-cystic ovaries

-swollen abdomens, bloody vaginal discharge

Djungarian hamster (Russian dwarf - Phodopus campbelli AND Siberian dward - Phodopus sungorus) can have a hypersensitivity to _____

-bedding esp cedar chips

-alopecia, dry skin, secondary bacterial infections