Chemistry Chapter 7 and 9 Review

Chem Ch 7 and 9 Vocab

Valence Electron

Electron in highest occupied energy level of an elements atoms

Electron Dot Structure

Diagram that shows valence electron as dots

Octet Rule

In a chemical reaction atoms gain or lose electrons to acquire the electron structure of a noble gas

Halide Ion

Anion that forms when a halogen atom gains a valence electron

Ionic Compound

Made of cations and Anions

Ionic Bond

Holds ionic compound together

Chemical Formula

Expression of the number of atoms of each element in the smallest representative unit of a substance

Formula Unit

Lowest whole number ratio of ions in an ionic compound

Metallic Bond

Force of attraction that holds free valence electrons and metal cations together

Alloy

Mixture of 2 or more elements, at least one is a metal

Covalent Bond

Formed between 2 non metals, gas molecules formed

Monatomic Ion

Consists of a single atom with a positives or negative charge

Binary Compound

Composed of two elements

Mono

1

Di

2

Tri

3

Tetra

4

Penta

5

Hexa

6

Hepta

7

Octa

8

Nona

9

Deca

10

Acid

A compound that contains at least one hydrogen atom and that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

Base

A compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water

Law of Definite Proportions

In different samples of a given chemical compound, the masses of the elements are always in the same proportions

Law of Multiple Proportions

Whenever the same two elements form more than one compound, the different masses of one element that combine with the same mass of the other element are in the ratio of small whole numbers