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Germ theory-
disease is caused by germs (pathogenic microorganisms)
Ignaz Semmelweis-
changed lab coats and washed hands. Asserted that lab coats were contaminated and should be changed from working with cadavers, dissections, other patients, etc, and should be changed in between clients. He received a lot of push backand criticism for believing this.
Joseph Lister-
antiseptic techniques. Cleaned instruments. Created the Achromatic Microscope, first one to observe bacteria
Luigi Galvani -
Tested electrifying frog corpses to make them move, later tested on human corpses.
James Marion Sims-
Made discoveries in gynecology by operating on enslaved women without consent or pain medications
Medical advancements such as ______blurred the line between what is alive and dead
CPR and Galvanism
Whose bodies were stolen to be used as cadavers
Bodies of people of color and poor people were mainly taken as cadavers for medical school without consent
who benefitted from early medical advancements and who did not
rich,white, and unopressed invidiuals benefitted
poor, minority groups, and slaves did not
used slaves to practice new medical procedures on (James Marion Sims)
Doctors practiced on poor people first before treating white nobility
poor people feared seeking medical treatment for fear of maltreament
fears connected to CPR and medical advancements
able to save people from things that previosuly would have killed them
almost saw those people as the living dead because they should have died
fears connected to cadavers
Dissection was a humiliation because it was sacreligious. Defied sanctity of the body and death.
Links to the idea of body resurrection in the bible. Idea that body should not be messed with after death because in christian faith idea that at the end of time all of the bodies will be resurrected
people feared gravrobbers who would steal bodies for money
18-19th century fears relating to undead, galvanism, medical advancements
Fears of being experimented on, fear of loss of autonomy, fear of body after death being used, and new fear of lines of life and death becoming blurry
who identified anthrax
Louis pasteur and robert koch identify anthrax in 1876 among many other bacteria
Miasma theory-
stayed around until early 1900’s. Disease could be spread by bad air
Bakor:
sorcerer
- Ti don ange:
soul that controls personality
Haitian zombie
magic
corpse brought back to life to be slave
Zombie doesnt have personality and mindlessly follow commands because bokur capture ti bon ange
loss of willpower and autonomy.
which media was the haitian zombie seen in
White Zombie
what part of zombies scared haitains
Not scared of zombie itself; scared to become zombie and become a slave
hatian zombi charactersitics
mindless
not cannabalistic; just followed orders
slaves
cultural insight into Whtie Zombie
Early zombies similar to mammy image. Docile and harmless. Dont think, unintelectual. Can work them and they wont complain.
Fear of this being turned around onto white people. (white zombie). Whites feared this power being turned against them.
early anatomy acts in the 1800’s lowered the number of cadavers sourced from minorites, the poor, and immigrints true or false
false
was the 18th century the start of the mechanical age?
no
why did electrocution experiments become so popular
demonstrated movement and emotions without consciousness
what year was mary mallon let of north brother island
1910
according to Taylor’s opening statement, what was the main use of the Nuremberg Tribunal in the Nazi doctors’ trial?
establish the truth of the crimes committed and identify them as criminal
What type of zombie is described as “a state of being that is both undeath and unlife”
trauma zombie
What philosopher believed that having a will to live increases the chance of survival?
rollo may
The purpose of logotherapy is to find meaning in one's life. true or false
true
What is the name of the procedure involving the use of sedatives to slow brain activity to combat rabies?
milwauke protocol
What are the three defining characteristics of a zombie apocalypse according to Proctor in "Other Apocalypses"?
scale not limited, nature of threat, nature of recruitment
When Proctor uses WWII as a model for the zombie apocalypse, what areas of the world did he focus on?
countries that suffered most severely
According to Davis' article, even if there was a cure for zombification, what would most likely happen to the infected?
left in vegative state
What city does Rick go to after parting with Morgan and his son?
atlanta
how does the survivor group in The Walking Dead evade detection from the Walkers?
used guts and soudns
What fears are invoked by the zombies and their creators? How do they relate to the Haitian idea of the zombi and how do they depart from it? Do they differ in these things. for White Zombie
Fear of mixing races
Creole (mixed race) as source of ideological horror
Zombie masters use power to hurt white people. Reversal of roles
Fears of miscegenation (mixing of races through sex/procreation)
Pretty similar to Haitian idea of the zombie. Used voodoo to turn people into slaves
Magic not exact to Haitian beliefs. used poison and hypnosis. Used a wax figure and burned it?
What fears are invoked by the zombies and their creators? How do they relate to the Haitian idea of the zombi and how do they depart from it? Do they differ in these things Revenge of the Zombies
Fear of experimentation
Fear of Nazi germany
Relates to idea of zombies being ideal workforce. Dont need to eat, or sleep, or anything.
Different from Haitian belief because used science.
why do we fear zombies
We fear loss of autonomy
The uncanny. Inability of observer to properly categorize some object or event because it is ambiguous. Can complement fear. Zombie is dead yet animate. Hard to categorize.discomfort.
Fear that it is conceptually possible. Ex Last of us, covid, rabies.
Fear of losing ourselves. Same body but not having Physiological continuity- maintain the right kind of psychological relationship with person yesterday as today.
how did walking dead humanize zombies? what kinds of moral or ethical questions do they raise
Torso zombie. She was eviscerated and had no legs. Could only drag around. Rick scared at first but then felt sympathy for her.
mother who was a zombie. is it moral to kill her? is it immoral to not kill her?
how did 28 days later humanize zombies? what kinds of moral or ethical questions do they raise
Remeber who the zombie once were humanizes them. Ex Frank. It was sad to see him be gunned down as a zombie because we knew who we was as a human. Killing your father, even if he is a zombie, is sad. Humanized him because he was trying to keep Hannah away so she wouldnt be harmed.
ethical dilemma of having to kill people you love. is it moral to kill them? is it wrong to kill your own father if he becomes a zombie
how did girl with all the gifts humanize zombies? what kinds of moral or ethical questions do they raise
Melanie was half zombie and half human. Killed people. But she was kind and thoughtful. Able of complex human emotion. Able to share information.
moral dilemma of who is entitled to life. are humans entitled to life because we are dominant species now? are zombies not entitled to live because of that? is it right to use these kids as experimentation to save the greater good?
28 days later zombies relfect what
AIDS
zombies are infected; not dead
made before 9/11 but still relfective of that
