Types of Volcanoes

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6 Terms

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Shield Volcano

  • a broad volcano with relatively gentle slopes

  • formed from basaltic lava and lava flows from a central vent

  • Effusive (not explosive)

  • E.g. Mauna Loa in Hawaii

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Cinder Cone Volcano

  • steep-sided volcano

  • formed by explosive eruptions of ash, lava fragments, dust (pyro clasts)

  • E.g Paricutin in Mexico

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Volcanic Dome

  • formed during outpourings of viscous lava being erupted effusively which hardens on steep slopes

  • E.g. The Pitons Mountains in St. Lucia

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Stratovolcano/Composite Cone

  • made up of successive layers of lava and ash

  • has conelets or parasitic cones due to magma finding alternative paths to the surface when main vent is blocked

  • E.g La Soufrière in St. Vincent

<ul><li><p>made up of successive layers of lava and ash</p></li><li><p>has conelets or parasitic cones due to magma finding alternative paths to the surface when main vent is blocked</p></li><li><p>E.g La Soufrière in St. Vincent</p></li></ul>
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Crater

A bowl or funnel shaped depression that usually lies directly above the vent from which volcanic material is ejected

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Caldera

  • a large steep sided depression

  • formed when material collapses into an empty magma chamber

<ul><li><p>a large steep sided depression</p></li><li><p>formed when material collapses into an empty magma chamber</p></li></ul>

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