Exam 1 Fieldwork Review

What is a Discrete Trial Instruction (DTI)?

A common teaching procedure in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) that breaks down skills into small instructions for discrete responses.

What are the components of the 3-point contingency in DTI?

Antecedent (discriminative stimulus), Behavior (learner's response), Consequent (error correction or reinforcement).

In what setting is DTI typically conducted?

In a 1-1 setting with minimal distractions.

What is the purpose of identifying a student's preference for reinforcement?

To increase motivation by allowing students to work for a reinforcement they chose.

What is meant by 'establishing attending' in DTI?

Encouraging behaviors such as eye contact and sitting nicely to prepare the learner for instruction.

What should the discriminative stimulus (SD) be like?

Clear, brief, and accompanied by a prompt to support the learner's response.

What is the role of a prompt in DTI?

To help the learner emit the proper response or behavior.

Error correction or reinforcement

The consequence is immediate, with correct responses receiving positive reinforcement and incorrect responses receiving neutral correction.

What is the inter-trial interval in DTI?

A break that allows for data collection and gives the learner time to consume reinforcement.

What are the three learning processes involved in DTI?

Acquisition (initial skill learning), Maintenance (sustaining skill performance), Generalization (applying skills in different environments).

What are interspersals in DTI?

Combining trials of mastered tasks among acquisition tasks to build behavioral momentum.

What is the difference between distribution and mass-repeated presentation in DTI?

Distribution involves single trials with time between them, while mass-repeated presentation focuses on back-to-back trials of the same target response.

What is a momentary time sample in behavior observation?

A method where a timer beeps and the observer checks if the behavior is occurring at that moment.

What is the difference between primary and conditioned reinforcers?

Primary reinforcers are essential for survival (like food), while conditioned reinforcers are learned (like tokens).

What does negative reinforcement refer to?

The strengthening of a behavior by removing an aversive stimulus.

What is latency in the context of behavioral responses?

The time between an environmental event and the learner's response.

What is a generalized conditioned reinforcer?

A reinforcer that has been conditioned to provide value in various contexts, such as tokens or money.

What is the difference between natural and contrived consequences?

Natural consequences occur naturally in the environment, while contrived consequences are intentionally arranged by the instructor.