The Cell (structure) - LC Biology

Microscope used in schools

The light microscope

Microscope used for detailed view

Electron microscope

2 types of cells

plant cell, animal cell

The cell membrane controls...

what goes in and out of the cell

The cell membrane is...

selectively permeable

The cell membrane is made up of

protein and phospholipids

Purpose of small vacuoles in animal cells

storage

Hydrophilic

water loving

Hydrophobic

Water fearing

In a phospholipid bi layer, the phospholipids and proteins are said to be...

in constant motion

Nucleus purpose

controls cell activity and contains DNA

DNA contains...

the information needed for the manufacture for cell proteins, which determine cell functions

The mitochondria is the only organelle besides the nucleus that...

contains DNA

What is made in the nucleolus?

RNA (ribo nucleic acid)

Prokaryotes

organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

Example of prokaryotic cell

bacteria

Prokaryotic cells have an area (not surrounded by membrane) around their DNA called

nucleoid

What is a strand of DNA that forms a ring in a prokaryotic cell called?

chromosome

Eukaryotes

organisms whose cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

Example of eukaryotic cells

plants and animals

Plant cell

Animal cell

Ribosomes

Ribosomes make protein

Cyptoplasm

clear jelly-like fluid that fills the cell

Mitochondria function

cellular respiration (the controlled release of energy from food within a cell)

Mitochondria

tiny and rod shaped, found in all cells except bacteria

Mitochondria have

double membranes, the inner one is highly folded

The amount of mitochondria in a cell depends on...

how active the cell is

Example of animal cells that need a lot of mitochondria

liver and muscle

Example of plant cells that need a lot of mitochondria

meristem in plants

Active mitochondria will convert to...

inactive mitochondria (if the cell rests for too long)

The more folds a mitochondria has...

the more energy it produces

Unique to Plant Cells

- cell wall

- chloroplasts

- large vacuole

Cell wall is made of...

cellulose (polysaccharide)

What does the large vacuole in a plant cell contain?

cell sap,