[LEC] CHAPTER 1 PART 1

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Review of Important Concepts

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69 Terms

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RX
alkyl halide
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ROH
alcohol
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ROR’
ether
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RCHO
aldehyde
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RCOR’
ketone
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RCOOH
carboxylic acid
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RCOOR’
ester
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RCOOCOR’
acid anhydride
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RCOX
acyl chloride
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RSO3H
sulphonic acid
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RNO2
nitro alkane
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RNH2
amine
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RCONH2
amide
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open-chain
linear structure or not cyclic
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cyclic
ring structure
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mono, bi, tricyclo
classified based on number of rings
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homocyclic and heterocyclic
classified based on ring atoms
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PHENOL
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CATECHOL
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XYLENE (O, M, P)
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BENZOIC ACID
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ANILINE
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RESORCINOL
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CRESOL (O, M, P)
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SALICYLIC ACID
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TOLUENE
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HYDROQUINONE
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BENZALDEHYDE
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ANTHRANILIC ACID
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PYRROLE
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IMIDAZOLE
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PYRIDINE
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PIPERIDINE
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PIPERAZINE
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FURAN
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OXAZOLE
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PYRAZINE
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QUINOLINE
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ISOQUINOLINE
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THIOPHENE
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THIAZOLE
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PYRIMIDINE
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INDOLE
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PURINE
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CONJUGATED
2 or more c-c double bonds separated by single bonds (alternating)
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SATURATED
contains c-c bonds which are purely single bonds
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UNSATURATED
at least 1 c-c double or triple bond
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ALPHA CARBON
carbon attached to a functional group
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VINYLIC/OLEFINIC CARBON
carbon directly holding a double bond
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ALLYLIC CARBON
carbon positioned next to a vinylic carbon
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BENZYLIC CARBON
carbon positioned next to a benzene
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ORTHO
1, 2 placement around a benzene ring
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META
1, 3 placement around a benzene ring
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PARA
1, 4 placement around a benzene ring
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POLAR
water-soluble
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NON-POLAR
lipid-soluble
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S-IBUPROFEN
isomer A, more potent
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RR-IBUPROFEN
isomer B, less potent
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one is more potent
s-ibuprofen and r-ibuprofen
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both have different uses
quinine and quinidine
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QUININE
isomer A, antimalarial
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QUINIDINE
isomer B, anti-arrhythmic
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one has activity and one has none
cisplatin and transplatin
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CISPLATIN
isomer A, active
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TRANSPLATIN
isomer B, inactive
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one has activity and one is toxic
r-thalidomide and s-thalidomide
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R-THALIDOMIDE
isomer A, antiemetic
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S-THALIDOMIDE
isomer B, causes birth defects
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ABSORPTION
entry of drug from site of administration to the bloodstream