United States History, Beginnings to 1877, Chapter 2, Sections 1-3

Ponce de Leon

Spanish nobleman discovered Florida and searched for the fountain of youth

Cortez

conquered the Aztecs in Mexico, killed Montezuma, robbed them

Pizarro

Conquered the Incas in Peru with 200 men

de Coronado

Searched for Cibola, the Seven Cities of Gold. After two years he found a poor Indian town named Cibola

Cabeza de Vaca

held captive for 6 years by Native Americans, he had continued the expedition of Naravez

de Soto

Traveled through FL and NC. Discovered the Mississippi River. Died of fever.

Balboa

in Panama, Discovered another sea, the "South Sea." Later named the Pacific. First European to see the Pacific.

Magellan

On his voyage around the world, named the Pacific Ocean because it was so calm.

conquistadors

Spanish soldiers who led expeditions in South America

Moctezuma II

Ruler of the Aztec people

encomienda

Allowed the Spanish to make Native Americans work for them

de las Casas

said we should stop making Native Americans slaves and convert them to Christianity

Estevanico

a slave born in Morocco

plantations

large farms of the Spaniards

steel armor, weapons, diseases

helped the Spanish defeat Native Americans

Eric the Red

first Viking to settle Greenland

Lief Erickson

discovered Vinland

henry the navigator

started a school in Portugal

Newfoundland

another name for Vinland

Dias

first to reach the Cape of Good Hope

da Gama

first to sail around the Cape of Good Hope

Cape of good Hope

southern tip of Africa

Riches, New Territory, Catholic converts

reasons Europeans were exploring the world

Scandanavia

where the Vikings came from

Denmark, Norway, Sweden

present day lands that were Scandanavia

Portugal

Dias and da Gama were from

caravel

ship designed by Portugal

stars

astrolabe uses what to determine position

Treaty of Tordesillas

drew the line of demarcation

Vespucci

America is named after Amerigo who?

circumnavigate

Magellan's crew were the first to do this

cocoa, corn, turkey, tobacco, squash

brought from America to Europe

cattle, diseases, grains, horses, sugarcane

brought from Europe to the New World

columbian exchange

transfer of goods between Europe and America

October 12, 1492

Date that Columbus discovered the New World

Canary Islands

Columbus first stopped here after leaving Spain

San salvador

name of first Island Columbus saw in the New World

Holy Savior

meaning of San Salvador

4

number of trips columbus made to the new world

Portuguese

these people had the biggest world exploration

italian

Cabot Columbus and Vespucci were all

Cabot

sailed a year before Columbus and discovered New Found Land after the vikings, lookig for China

Genoa

in Italy, hometown of Columbus and Cabot

shorter route

Columbus wanted to find this

wealthy

Columbus wanted to become this

3,000

number of miles columbus thought the trip would be

8,000

number of miles the actual trip was

11,000

number of mile other people thought the trip would be

Ferdinand

King of Spain

Isabella

Queen of Spain

Pinta, Nina, Santa Maria

names of Columbus's ships

Cuba

name of Island Columbus thought was China

gold

what Columbus was looking for on his 2nd and 3rd voyage

passage to India

what Columbus was looking for on his 4th voyage

Jamaica

Island where Columbus was marooned for a year