Emergence of Am in Global Affairs Chapters 4-6: Historiography

Fritz Fischer

Germany was solely responsible for WW1

John Keegan

Accidental War. it was more of a tragic accident through misjudgements of political and military leaders. poor communication

James Joll

no single nation can be blamed in isolation. variety of intertwined factors led into war called unspoken assumptions

Niall Ferguson

War was not inevitable. belived Britain made a catastrophic mistake by entering the war.

Gordon Martel

WW1 was a result of interacting political, cultural, and strategic factors. No singular dominant cause. pushes back against narratives that seek to find a single villain (like Germany or Britain)

Ruth Henig

Shared responsibility. multiple nations contributed through a mix of alliances, nationalism, and diplomatic failures. highlights the alliance system

Stephen J. Lee

No single cause. beleives war resulted from long term structural factors and short term crises. blame cannot be placed on one country or one issue alone