Duodenum Blood Supply

From which embryologic regions does the duodenum develop?

It develops partially from the foregut and partially from the midgut.

What anatomical feature marks the junction between foregut and midgut in the duodenum?

The opening of the bile duct into the second part of the duodenum.

Why do the duodenum and head of the pancreas share the same blood supply?

Because they are in direct contact.

Which arteries supply the duodenum in general?

Branches of the gastroduodenal artery and the superior mesenteric artery.

How many superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries arise from the gastroduodenal artery?

Two.

How many inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries arise from the superior mesenteric artery?

Two.

What do the superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries form together?

Two arches around the head of the pancreas.

Which duodenal part has a poor blood supply?

The first part of the duodenum (D1).

Which arteries represent the poor blood supply of D1?

The supraduodenal artery

and the retroduodenal artery (branches of the gastroduodenal artery).

Which additional arteries supply the superior part of the duodenum?

Branches from the right gastric artery

and the right gastroepiploic artery.

Which arteries supply D1 according to the bullet text?

Right gastroepiploic artery,

gastroduodenal artery,

retroduodenal artery.

Into which veins does venous blood from D1 drain?

Supra and subpyloric veins.

What is the anastomosis between the supra and subpyloric veins called?

The prepyloric vein of Mayo.

What supplies D4?

Direct branches from the superior mesenteric artery,

the first jejunal artery,

or the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery.

Where does venous blood from D4 drain?

Into the superior mesenteric vein,

and from there into the portal vein.

Which duodenal parts are supplied by the anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal arterial arches?

D2, D3, and the head of the pancreas.

What forms the anterior arch (from the last image)?

Superior supraduodenal artery (terminal branch of gastroduodenal artery).

Anterior branch of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery.

A right branch of the dorsal pancreatic artery.

What forms the posterior arch?

Retroduodenal artery (collateral branch of the gastroduodenal artery).

Posterior branch of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (from the SMA).

Another right branch of the dorsal pancreatic artery.