Biology LC - Human Reproduction 1

Give a function of the following:

1. Urethra

2. Prostate Gland

3. Sperm duct

1. Urethra: allows passage of either urine or sperm

2. Prostate gland: Produces seminal fluid

3. Sperm duct: carries sperm form the epididymis to the urethra

In which part of the male reproductive system does meiosis occur

Testes

Which part of the male reproductive system is directly involved in copulation?

Penis

Glands in the male reproductive system

• seminal vesicle

• prostate gland

• cowper’s gland

Give one cause of male infertility and a corrective measure

Causes: Persistent smoking, alcohol abuse

Corrective measures: Change in diet and lifestyle, stop taking drugs and smoking

Give any two methods of contraception

• Withdrawal

• Condom

• The pill

• IUD

What is meant by the term menstruation?

The shedding of the blood-filled lining of the womb (endometrium)

The follicle increases in size during the first half of the cycle

1. Name the hormone that the follicle produces

2. Give then function of this hormone

1. Oestrogen

2. Causes the endometrium to develop

Ovulation usually occurs on day 14.

What hormone is responsible for causing ovulation?

LH

Name the main hormone produced by the Corpus Luteum

Progesterone

What happens to the Corpus Luteum if the fertilisation of an egg does not occur

It degenerates

Name a menstrual cycle disorder and state a cause and a possible treatment

Disorder: Fibroids

Cause: Hormonal imbalance

Treatment: Surgery or hormonal medication

Distinguish between primary sexual characteristics and secondary sexual characteristics.

Primary sexual characteristics are the presence of the male and female reproductive parts.

Example in males: enlargement of the penis and testes

Secondary sexual characteristics refer to the features that distinguish males from females, apart from the sex organs themselves.

Example in males:

• pubic, facial and body hair

• growth spurt

Example in females:

• the maturing and enlargement of breasts

• a growth spurt

Give one function of each of the following parts:

1. Epididymis:

2. Prostate gland:

1. Epididymis: matures and stores sperm

2. Prostate gland: produces seminal fluid

How any chromosomes are in the nucleus of a typical human sperm cell

23

Suggest one cause of male infertility

persistent smoking