L1 WATER RESOURCES & POLLUTION

• Are natural resources of water that are potentc‘ally useful to humans

• An individual uses 600-700 liters in a day.

WATER RESOURCES

Earth's surface is covered by

70% Water

GLODAL DISTRIDUTION OF WATER

1. Salt Water - 97% 

2. Fresh Water in glaciers and ice caps  - 2% 

3. Fresh Water - 1%

• Colorless and tasteless liquid.

• High melting and boiling point

• High specific heat, thermal conductivity,surface tension

• High latent heat of vaporization which helps in the regulation of body temperature

• It is an excellent solvent, it helps in

  the transportation of ions and

  molecules required for metabolism.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• Amphoteric nature - can act as both acid and base

• Redox reaction - during photosynthesis, water is oxidized to 02.

• Hydrolysis reaction - water has a very strong

hydrating tendency due to its dielectric constant. It

dissolves many ionic compound. Some ionic

compounds can be hydrolyzed in water.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

: Both can act as both acid and base

Amphoteric nature

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

• during photosynthesis, water is oxidized to 02.

Redox reaction

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

water has a very strong hydrating tendency due to its dielectric constant. It

dissolves many ionic compound. Some ionic compounds can be hydrolyzed in water.

Hydrolysis reaction

IMPORTANCE OF WATER

• LIFE

• INDUSTRY 

• AGRICULTURE

TYPES OF WATER RESOURCES

1. RIVERS

2. LAKES

3. OCEAN 

How people use water resources?

1. household

2. personal 

3. recreational

USES OF FRESH WATER

1. Agricultural

2. Industrial

3. Household 

4. Recreational

5. Environmental

1. 69 % of water use for irrigation. Irrigation in some areas is nhecessary for crops grow.

2. 15% of water is use for industrial things. (power plant, oil refineries, manufactur ing plants)

3. 15% of consumption (drinking, bathing, water, cooking, sanitation, gardening)

4. Mostly needed in reservoir.

5. Mostly use in: artificial wetlands, artificial lakes create a wildlifehabitat.

1. Agricultural

2. Industrial

3. Household

4. recreational

5. Environmental

• The water cycle through evaporation and precipitation, maintains hydrological systems

• All aquatic ecosystems are used by a large number for their daily needs.

• Oue to increasing population there is an enourmous supply for the available fresh water resources

• India is like like to face water crisis by 2025

WATER RESOURCE-USE

• Most people use more water than required to

carry out basic activities

• Farmers also sometimes use double the water

required for irrigation

OVER UTILIZATION

• Is the contamination of water bodies, with a negative impact on their uses.

• usually result of human activities.

• When contaminants mix bodies ofwater.

Water Pollution

TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION

Physical 

• surface

• Groundwater

Chemical

• Chemical 

• Nutrient

Biological

• suspended matter

• microbiological

pollution whose source CAN be traced back to a single thing.

Point source pollution

• pollution whose source cannot be traced back to a signle thing.

• More diffuse

non point source

CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION

• industrial waste

• agricultural run off ( fertilizers and pesticides)

• plastic and chemical pollution

• household waste and sewage 

EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION

• impact on human health (waterborne diseases)

• damage to aquatic ecosystem

• contamination of drinking water supplies

• economic impact in fishing and tourism industries

SOLUTIONS TO WATER POLLUTION

• Wastewater treatment

• Reducing plastic use and improving waste management

• Using eco fnendly agncultural practices

• Promoting water conservation