Logical Fallacies and Persuasive Techniques in Argumentation

Ad hominem:

A rhetorical fallacy intended to distract from an argument by attacking the character

regard for the evidence provided.

Bandwagon:

A persuasive technique, often used in media messages that appeal to the "everyone is doing it” mentality

Circular logic or circular reasoning:

A logical fallacy in which an assumption is made in away that the conclusion is included in the premise, creating a loop that lacks valid reasoning.

Either/or:

A conclusion that oversimplifies the argument by reducing it to only two sides or choices.

False analogy:

An inaccurate, inappropriate, or misleading comparison between two things.

Hasty generalization:

A conclusion (often the result of bias) drawn from limited or insufficientevidence, leading to a broad claim that is not justified.

Non-sequitur:

A logical fallacy in which an inference is made that does not follow from its premise.

Post hoc:

A faulty conclusion that assumes that, because one thing followed another, it was the cause of it.

Red herring:

An argument that uses misleading or unrelated evidence to support a conclusion.

Slippery slope:

A conclusion based on the premise that one thing will lead to another, oftentimes in a chain reaction of negative events.

Stereotyping:

A fallacy in which one classifies a person or group according to a common aspect

Begging the question

Assuming the truth of a premise with no other evidence than the premise itself.

Strawman

Substituting another issue for the issue at hand.