chapter 3 ebp

Flashcards for Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare (4th Ed.)

PICOT Question

Structures and focuses the clinical inquiry in evidence-based practice.

PICOT Components

Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time; components of a well-defined research question.

Primary Sources

Original studies such as RCTs and qualitative studies.

Secondary Sources

Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines.

Preappraised Literature

Literature found in resources like Cochrane Library and DynaMed.

Grey Literature

Unpublished studies, theses, and conference abstracts.

Point-of-Care Tools

CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus.

Basic Search Strategy

Using keywords from PICOT components in searches.

Boolean Operators

AND, OR, NOT; used to combine search terms.

Phrase Searching

Using quotation marks to search for exact phrases.

Truncation

Using symbols to find variations of a word (e.g., nurs*).

Subject Headings

MeSH in PubMed, CINAHL headings.

Search Filters

Limiting results by publication year or article type.

Proximity Searching

Finding words within a specific range of each other.

Citation Chaining

Using forward and backward referencing to find studies.

Database Coverage

Searching multiple databases for comprehensive results.

Search Yield

Total number of results retrieved from a systematic search.

Duplicate Removal

Removing duplicate studies from the search results.

Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria

Criteria used to determine which studies are included or excluded.

Search Yield Evaluation

Assessing the relevance, quality, and availability of studies.

Good Search Yield

Ensuring the search is comprehensive but specific.

PICOT Elements

Helps to select appropriate keywords, synonyms, and subject headings for database searches.

Primary Research

Original research studies.

Secondary Research

Summarized or synthesized research evidence.

Pre-appraised sources

Resources that have already been appraised for quality and relevance.

Grey literature sources

Information not formally published.

Point-of-care tools

Resources like CINAHL, PubMed, and nursing databases.

Initial search strategy

Use of keywords from PICOT to initiate search.

Boolean operator use

Using AND, OR, and NOT to refine search results.

Phrase use in search

Using quotes for specific phrases in search.

Use of truncation

Using symbols like * to broaden search terms.

Subject headings application

Applying specific, controlled vocabulary in databases.

Filter use in search

Restricting search to specific dates or article types.

Proximity searching application

Finding terms close to each other in the text.

Citation chasing

Searching for references in cited articles.

Database search multiplicity

Checking multiple databases to get broad coverage.

Search outcome

The result count after running a search strategy.

Duplication removal

The process of removing exact copies of articles.

Selection criteria

Criteria to include or exclude articles from review.

Study assessment

Examining study relevance and the quality of studies.

Outcome balancing

Balancing broad and narrow search parameters.

Purpose of PICOT

Identifies key elements for a targeted inquiry.

Content of primary sources

Includes trials, studies, and analyses.

Clinical significance of summaries

Summaries improve information and access.

Use of grey literature

Targets unpublished data for research.

Tools benefit to research

Helps find quality studies and research.

PICOT use in search

Key search terms needed for questions.

Boolean Operators help to

Focus the application of the questions.

Search with quotations

Using the correct and complete phrase.

Symbol use for searching

Expands the potential search results.

Filters help to

Focuses searches.