CHECK introducing youth subcultures:

What biological changes occur during teenage years, and how are they linked to the concept of 'youth'?

Biological changes during teenage years transition individuals from children to adults, often accompanied by hormonal changes. Some argue these changes explain rebellious behavior and conflict.

Do sociologists agree that biology determines the concept of 'youth'?

No, sociologists argue that biology plays little role in defining 'youth'. Instead, they believe 'youth' is socially constructed and varies across cultures and time periods.

What does it mean to say that 'youth' is socially constructed?

Saying 'youth' is socially constructed means it does not exist objectively but is created by society. Different societies define and construct 'youth' in different ways.

How do ideas of 'youth' vary in the UK?

In the UK, ideas of 'youth' are constantly shifting. While often associated with teenage years, it may begin earlier and extend into the early twenties. For example, 'tweenagers' (ages 7-12) imitate adult celebrities and engage with pop culture.

What did Postman (1982) say about the 'disappearance of childhood'?

Postman (1982) argued that the media exposes children to the adult world too early, leading to the sexualization of children and the 'disappearance of childhood'.

How is 'youth' being stretched at both ends of the age spectrum?

'Youth' starts earlier due to influences like media and extends later as people stay in education longer, marry later, and delay starting families, sometimes continuing into their twenties.

What is 'youth culture'?

Youth culture refers to the idea that all youths share a distinct set of norms and values different from those of adults or children.

What are some features that distinguish youth?

Features distinguishing youth include:

1. Involvement in education rather than work.

2. Lack of responsibilities (e.g., bills, rent, children).

3. Importance of peer groups.

What is a subculture?

A subculture is a culture within a culture, with its own distinct norms and values while still being part of the wider culture.

What are youth subcultures?

Youth subcultures are distinctive groups within youth culture, defined by unique styles, dress, music tastes, and attitudes.

What are 'spectacular' youth subcultures?

'Spectacular' youth subcultures are highly visible groups, prominent during the 1950s-1970s, characterized by flamboyant styles and confrontational attitudes.

Can you name examples of 'spectacular' youth subcultures?

Examples include Teddy Boys, mods, punks, and skinheads.

Who studied 'spectacular' youth subcultures, and where?

The Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) at Birmingham University studied 'spectacular' youth subcultures.