Lecture 1.1 flashcards - PSIO 201

Anatomy

The study of body structures.

Physiology

The study of body functions.

Structure without function

Structure without function is “empty”; anatomy without physiology lacks mechanism.

Function without structure

Function without structure is “without mechanism”; function requires structure to occur.

Metabolism

The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body.

Catabolism

The breakdown of large molecules into small ones.

Anabolism

The construction of larger molecules from small ones.

Responsiveness

The ability to respond to changes in the internal or external environment.

Movement

Movement at any structural level (body, organ, cell, or cell component).

Growth

Increase in number or size (growth) of cells or the material found between cells.

Differentiation

Specialization of cells for a specific function.

Reproduction

Formation of new cells and the formation of new individuals.

Chemical level

Atomic and molecular level.

Cellular level

Smallest living unit of the body.

Tissue level

Group of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together on one task.

Organ level

Grouping of two or more tissue types into a recognizable structure with a specific function.

Organ system level

Collection of related organs with a common function.

Organismic level

One living individual.

Levels of biological organization

Hierarchy from chemical to organismic level.