BIOA1H3 F - Module 3: Lecture 09
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15 Terms
Cell Division
The process by which cells make more cells.
Mitotic Cell Division
The basis of asexual reproduction in unicellular eukaryotes and the process by which cells divide in multicellular eukaryotes.
Meiotic Cell Division
Essential for sexual reproduction, the production of offspring that combine genetic material from two parents.
Binary Fission
The process of cell division in bacteria, where a circular DNA molecule is replicated and the cell divides into two daughter cells.
Cell Cycle
The sequence of events that a cell goes through as it grows and divides, consisting of interphase and M phase.
Interphase
The time between two successive M phases, where the cell prepares for division by replicating DNA and increasing in size.
Sister Chromatids
Identical copies of a chromosome that are held together by a centromere.
Centromeres
Structures that hold together chromosomes during cell division.
Mitosis
The process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells, consisting of prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Cytokinesis (Animal)
The process of cytoplasmic division in animal cells, which begins with the formation of a ring of actin filaments that pinches the cytoplasm and divides it into two.
Cytokinesis (Plant)
The process of cytoplasmic division in plant cells, which involves the construction of a new cell wall to split the cells.
Meiosis
The process of cell division that results in the production of four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell, essential for sexual reproduction.
Crossing Over
The exchange of DNA segments between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, which contributes to genetic diversity.
Reductional Division
The division of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I, which reduces the number of chromosomes in daughter cells by half.
Equational Division
The division of sister chromatids during meiosis II, which results in daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Flashcards (34)