Philosophy Lesson 1

Philosophy

• According to Abella, it comes from the two Greek words: philos (love) and sophia (wisdom).

Philos

love

Sophia

Wisdom

Pythagoras (570 BCE to 495 BCE)

Devoted to the study of religion and philosophy.

Heraclitus (535 BCE to 475 BCE)

• Everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan (logos)

Heraclitus (535 BCE to 475 BCE)

CHANGE is the permanent aspect of the human condition.

Democritus (460 BCE to 370 BCE)

• He devoted himself to the study of the caused of natural phenomena.

• He was among the first to propose that matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms.

Diogenes of Sinope (412 BCE to 323 ВСЕ)

He was a known advocate of living a simple and virtous life.

Epicurus (341 BCE to 270 BCE)

He believed that philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness.

Epicureanisim

a school of philosophy which believes that wisdom and simple living will result in a life free from fear and pain.

Socrates (470 BCE to 399 BCE)

• Foremost philosopher of ancient times

• He also believed that philosophy could enable man to live a life of virtue.

Socratic Method

a means of examining a topic by devising a series of questions that let the learner examine and analyze his knowledge.

Plato (427 BCE to 347 BCE)

His teachings and writings were considered the foundation of Western Philosophy.

Academy

an institution of higher learning which was the first of its kind in the Western World.

Aristotle (384 BCE to 322 BCE)

His studies in logic lead to the formulation of a formal process of analyzing reasoning which gave rise to Deductive reasoning

Cognitive

Provides description of being and knowing

Normative

Concerned with the standard of the good

Logic

Branch of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning/thinking.

Episteme

Knowledge

Logos

Study

Epistemology

A branch of Philosophy that concerns with the definition of knowledge and related concepts such as the sources and criteria of knowledge.

Meta

Beyond

Physikon

Nature

Metaphysics

• Branch of philosophy which is concerned with the nature of ultimate reality.

Ethos

Character

Ethics

• It is the science of correct doing.

• It examines moral justifications for actions and how we come to understand and advocate what is right and wrong.

Aesthetikos

which means one who is perceptive of things through his sensations, feelings and intuitions.

Aesthetics

• concerned with the essence of perception of beauty and ugliness

Political Philosophy

body of knowledge that looks up on the society, politics and the people that makes it whole.

Partial Point of View

Focuses on specific aspects of a situation.

Holistic Perspective

gives rise to a more appreciative perspective about life, as we are able to look at life in its totality.

Plato (Philosopize)

Sense of wonder. Drives the need of a philosopher to question, to examine and to learn more.

Rene Descartes (Philosopize)

Doubt. Famous for rejecting or questioning established ideas.

Karl Jasper (Philosophize)

Experience. provides us a means to understand the challenging conditions in life

Socrates (Philosophize)

Love for Wisdom. If you love to gain new learnings, we seek to continue to question, to discuss and to interact with other people